Title |
Role of TGF-β in metastatic colon cancer: it is finally time for targeted therapy
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Published in |
Cell and Tissue Research, May 2017
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DOI | 10.1007/s00441-017-2633-9 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Maria Villalba, Stephanie R. Evans, Fernando Vidal-Vanaclocha, Alfonso Calvo |
Abstract |
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent tumor types in Western countries. Approximately 20 % of patients show metastasis at the time of diagnosis, with the liver being one of the most affected organs. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) plays a regulatory role not only in the physiology of the normal colon but also in the development of CRC and its metastatic process. In this review, we analyze the molecular mechanisms leading to TGF-β dysregulation in tumor and stroma cells and the modification of the microenvironment that fosters CRC metastasis. Recent genomic studies have identified a CRC subtype with a mesenchymal and aggressive phenotype having TGF-β as a hub gene of this signature. Consistent with these findings, the inhibition of TGF-β signaling has been shown to impair experimental CRC metastasis to the liver. Based on these and other results conducted in various tumor types, the pharmaceutical industry has developed a variety of strategies to target TGF-β. We provide up-to-date information of these therapies, which are currently in preclinical or clinical trials. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 111 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Bachelor | 21 | 19% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 20 | 18% |
Student > Master | 13 | 12% |
Researcher | 8 | 7% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 6 | 5% |
Other | 14 | 13% |
Unknown | 29 | 26% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 26 | 23% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 20 | 18% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 8 | 7% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 7 | 6% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 5 | 5% |
Other | 14 | 13% |
Unknown | 31 | 28% |