Title |
The dynamics of GII.4 Norovirus in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
|
---|---|
Published in |
Infection, Genetics & Evolution, April 2013
|
DOI | 10.1016/j.meegid.2013.04.014 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Phan Vu Tra My, Ha Minh Lam, Corinne N. Thompson, Hoang Le Phuc, Pham Thi Ngoc Tuyet, Ha Vinh, Nguyen Van Minh Hoang, PhamVan Minh, Nguyen Thanh Vinh, Cao Thu Thuy, Tran Thi Thu Nga, Nguyen Thi Thu Hau, Nguyen Tran Chinh, Tang Chi Thuong, Ha Manh Tuan, James I. Campbell, Archie C.A. Clements, Jeremy Farrar, Maciej F. Boni, Stephen Baker |
Abstract |
Norovirus (NoV) is a major cause of epidemic gastroenteritis in industrialized countries, yet the epidemiological significance of NoV in industrializing countries remains poorly understood. The spatiotemporal distribution of NoV genotypes identified in 2054 enrolled children was investigated between May 2009 and December 2010, in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam. A total of 315 NoV extracted from stool samples were genotyped and GPS mapped to their source. Genogroup II NoV, particularly GII.4, were predominant, and the GII.4 strains could be subgrouped into GII.4-2006b (Minerva) and GII.4-2010 (New Orleans) variants. There was no spatiotemporal structure among the endemic GII strains; yet a significant spatiotemporal signal corresponding with the novel introduction of GII.4-2010 variant was detected. These data show that NoV GII.4 variants are highly endemic in HCMC and describe a scenario of rapid NoV strain replacement occurring in HCMC in early 2010. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Korea, Democratic People's Republic of | 1 | 50% |
Unknown | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 2 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Netherlands | 1 | 3% |
Vietnam | 1 | 3% |
Unknown | 29 | 94% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 13 | 42% |
Other | 3 | 10% |
Student > Master | 3 | 10% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 3 | 10% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 2 | 6% |
Other | 4 | 13% |
Unknown | 3 | 10% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 8 | 26% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 8 | 26% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 3 | 10% |
Computer Science | 2 | 6% |
Environmental Science | 1 | 3% |
Other | 4 | 13% |
Unknown | 5 | 16% |