Factors associated with stress in families of children with autism spectrum disorder

Angela Sim, Sharmila Vaz, Reinie Cordier, Annette Joosten, Dave Parsons, Cally Smith, Torbjörn Falkmer

The purpose of this study was to identify key factors associated with severe stress in families raising a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Questionnaires were mailed to families with one or more children with a diagnosis of ASD. Data from 543 surveys were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Forty-four percent (n = 241) of the caregivers reported severe family stress related to raising a child with ASD. Severe family stress was associated with (1) reduced ability to socialize; (2) not having accessed individual therapy; (3) negative co-parent relationships; and (4) high out of pockets costs due to the child's ASD. The specific ASD diagnosis, comorbid conditions, socio-demographic variables, and social support were not associated with severe family stress. The findings of the current study highlight the importance of a systemic approach to family stress, whereby individual, family, and ecological factors are investigated.