| Title |
Transition to Non-toxic Gunshot Use in Olympic Shooting: Policy Implications for IOC and UNEP in Resolving an Environmental Problem
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Ambio, March 2013
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s13280-013-0393-7 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Vernon George Thomas, Raimon Guitart |
| Abstract |
Olympic shooters discharge, annually, thousands of tons of lead shot which pose toxic risks to animals and may pollute both surface and ground waters. Non-toxic steel shot is an acceptable and effective substitute, but International Shooting Sports Federation (ISSF) rules prevent its adoption. The present policy and rules of the ISSF on lead shot use contravene the International Olympic Committee (IOC) Charter position on environmental protection. The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), a formal Olympic partner on environmental protection, has no stated policy on contamination from lead ammunition, despite having declared lead a Priority Area for remedial action, and is pressing to remove lead from the global human environment. The IOC Sport and Environment Commission and UNEP could examine the continued use of lead shot ammunition and advise the IOC Executive Board on appropriate changes in policy and rules that could halt the massive lead shot contamination of shooting range environments world-wide. |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 39 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 1 | 3% |
| Mexico | 1 | 3% |
| Unknown | 37 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 8 | 21% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 7 | 18% |
| Student > Master | 6 | 15% |
| Student > Bachelor | 2 | 5% |
| Other | 1 | 3% |
| Other | 2 | 5% |
| Unknown | 13 | 33% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Environmental Science | 9 | 23% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 13% |
| Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 2 | 5% |
| Social Sciences | 2 | 5% |
| Earth and Planetary Sciences | 1 | 3% |
| Other | 7 | 18% |
| Unknown | 13 | 33% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 39. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 04 August 2016.
All research outputs
#896,530
of 22,745,803 outputs
Outputs from Ambio
#142
of 1,624 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#6,936
of 197,827 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Ambio
#1
of 23 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,745,803 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 96th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 1,624 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 14.1. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 91% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 197,827 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 96% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 23 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 95% of its contemporaries.