| Title |
Maternal and In Utero Determinants of Type 2 Diabetes Risk in the Young
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Current Diabetes Reports, November 2013
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s11892-013-0446-0 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Kimberley D. Bruce |
| Abstract |
The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus has reached epidemic proportions. In 2010, it was estimated that 6.4 % of the adult population (285 million) have diabetes. In recent years, the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), a condition traditionally associated with aging, has been steadily increasing among younger individuals. It is now a well-established notion that the early-life period is a critical window of development and that influences during this period can "developmentally prime" the metabolic status of the adult. This review discusses the role of maternal and in utero influences on the developmental priming of T2D risk. Both human epidemiological studies and experimental animal models are beginning to demonstrate that early dietary challenges can accelerate the onset of age-associated metabolic disturbances, including insulin resistance, T2D, obesity, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. These findings show that poor maternal nutrition can prime a prediabetes phenotype, often manifest as insulin resistance, by very early stages of life. Thus, the maternal diet is a critical determinant of premature T2D risk. While the mechanisms that link early nutrition to age-associated metabolic decline are currently unclear, preliminary findings suggest perturbations in a number of processes involved in cellular aging, such as changes in longevity-associated Sirtuin activity, epigenetic regulation of key metabolic genes, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Preliminary studies show that pharmacological interventions in utero and dietary supplementation in early postnatal life may alleviate insulin resistance and reduce T2D risk. However, further studies are warranted to fully understand the relationship between the early environment and long-term effects on metabolism. Such mechanistic insights will facilitate strategic interventions that prevent accelerated metabolic decline and the premature onset of T2D in the current and future generations. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 2 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 50% |
| Unknown | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 2 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 85 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Mexico | 1 | 1% |
| Belgium | 1 | 1% |
| Unknown | 83 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 16 | 19% |
| Student > Master | 10 | 12% |
| Researcher | 9 | 11% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 8 | 9% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 6 | 7% |
| Other | 11 | 13% |
| Unknown | 25 | 29% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 26 | 31% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 8 | 9% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 7 | 8% |
| Psychology | 6 | 7% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 3 | 4% |
| Other | 7 | 8% |
| Unknown | 28 | 33% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 17 October 2017.
All research outputs
#15,295,786
of 22,747,498 outputs
Outputs from Current Diabetes Reports
#646
of 1,006 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#192,704
of 307,041 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Current Diabetes Reports
#6
of 16 outputs
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