Title |
Electrical Activity During the 2006 Mount St. Augustine Volcanic Eruptions
|
---|---|
Published in |
Science, February 2007
|
DOI | 10.1126/science.1136091 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
R. J. Thomas, P. R. Krehbiel, W. Rison, H. E. Edens, G. D. Aulich, W. P. Winn, S. R. McNutt, G. Tytgat, E. Clark |
Abstract |
By using a combination of radio frequency time-of-arrival and interferometer measurements, we observed a sequence of lightning and electrical activity during one of Mount St. Augustine's eruptions. The observations indicate that the electrical activity had two modes or phases. First, there was an explosive phase in which the ejecta from the explosion appeared to be highly charged upon exiting the volcano, resulting in numerous apparently disorganized discharges and some simple lightning. The net charge exiting the volcano appears to have been positive. The second phase, which followed the most energetic explosion, produced conventional-type discharges that occurred within plume. Although the plume cloud was undoubtedly charged as a result of the explosion itself, the fact that the lightning onset was delayed and continued after and well downwind of the eruption indicates that in situ charging of some kind was occurring, presumably similar in some respects to that which occurs in normal thunderstorms. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 1 | 2% |
United States | 1 | 2% |
South Africa | 1 | 2% |
Unknown | 56 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 18 | 31% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 11 | 19% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 6 | 10% |
Student > Master | 5 | 8% |
Student > Bachelor | 4 | 7% |
Other | 5 | 8% |
Unknown | 10 | 17% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Earth and Planetary Sciences | 26 | 44% |
Physics and Astronomy | 6 | 10% |
Computer Science | 3 | 5% |
Engineering | 3 | 5% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 3% |
Other | 4 | 7% |
Unknown | 15 | 25% |