Title |
Quality of Antimalarial Drugs and Antibiotics in Papua New Guinea: A Survey of the Health Facility Supply Chain
|
---|---|
Published in |
PLOS ONE, May 2014
|
DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0096810 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Manuel W. Hetzel, Madhu Page-Sharp, Nancy Bala, Justin Pulford, Inoni Betuela, Timothy M. E. Davis, Evelyn K. Lavu |
Abstract |
Poor-quality life-saving medicines are a major public health threat, particularly in settings with a weak regulatory environment. Insufficient amounts of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) endanger patient safety and may contribute to the development of drug resistance. In the case of malaria, concerns relate to implications for the efficacy of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACT). In Papua New Guinea (PNG), Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax are both endemic and health facilities are the main source of treatment. ACT has been introduced as first-line treatment but other drugs, such as primaquine for the treatment of P. vivax hypnozoites, are widely available. This study investigated the quality of antimalarial drugs and selected antibiotics at all levels of the health facility supply chain in PNG. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Uganda | 1 | 11% |
Italy | 1 | 11% |
India | 1 | 11% |
Australia | 1 | 11% |
Papua New Guinea | 1 | 11% |
Germany | 1 | 11% |
Unknown | 3 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 6 | 67% |
Scientists | 2 | 22% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 11% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 2 | 1% |
Burkina Faso | 1 | <1% |
Tanzania, United Republic of | 1 | <1% |
Brazil | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 133 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 25 | 18% |
Researcher | 18 | 13% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 12 | 9% |
Student > Bachelor | 12 | 9% |
Student > Postgraduate | 9 | 7% |
Other | 23 | 17% |
Unknown | 39 | 28% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 30 | 22% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 18 | 13% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 7 | 5% |
Social Sciences | 6 | 4% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 4% |
Other | 32 | 23% |
Unknown | 40 | 29% |