Title |
Hyperventilation in asthma: A validation study of the Nijmegen Questionnaire – NQ
|
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Published in |
Journal of Asthma, May 2014
|
DOI | 10.3109/02770903.2014.922190 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Eirini P. Grammatopoulou, Emmanouil K. Skordilis, Georgios Georgoudis, Aikaterini Haniotou, Afroditi Evangelodimou, George Fildissis, Theodoros Katsoulas, Panagiotis Kalagiakos |
Abstract |
Abstract Introduction: The Nijmegen questionnaire (NQ) has previously been used for screening the hyperventilation syndrome (HVS) in asthmatics. However, no validity study has been reported so far. Objective: To examine the validity and reliability of the NQ in asthma patients and identify the prevalence of HVS. Methods: The NQ (n = 162) was examined for translation, construct, cross-sectional and discriminant validity as well as for internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Results: Principal component analysis and exploratory factor analysis revealed a single factor solution with 11 items and 58.6% of explained variability. These 11 NQ items showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.92) and test-retest reliability (IR = 0.98). Higher NQ scores were found in the following subgroups: women versus men (p < 0.01); participants with moderate versus mild asthma (p < 0.001) or uncontrolled versus controlled asthma (p < 0.001), and participants with breath-hold time (BHT) < 30 versus ≥ 30 s (p < 0.01) or end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) ≤35 versus >35 mmHg (p < 0.001). A cut-off score of >17 discriminated the participants with regard to the presence of HVS. The NQ showed 92.73% sensitivity and 91.59% specificity. The total NQ score was found significantly correlated with ETCO2 (r = -0.68), RR (r = 0.66) and BHT (r = -0.65). The prevalence of HVS was found 34%. Conclusion: The NQ is a valid and reliable questionnaire for screening HVS in patients with stable mild-to-moderate asthma. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Switzerland | 1 | 25% |
Saudi Arabia | 1 | 25% |
Unknown | 2 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 3 | 75% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 25% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United Kingdom | 1 | 2% |
Spain | 1 | 2% |
Unknown | 63 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Bachelor | 11 | 17% |
Researcher | 8 | 12% |
Student > Master | 7 | 11% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 5 | 8% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 3 | 5% |
Other | 10 | 15% |
Unknown | 21 | 32% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Medicine and Dentistry | 22 | 34% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 10 | 15% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 3 | 5% |
Engineering | 2 | 3% |
Psychology | 2 | 3% |
Other | 3 | 5% |
Unknown | 23 | 35% |