| Title |
Tumor-associated macrophage infiltration is highly associated with PD-L1 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Gastric Cancer, August 2017
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s10120-017-0760-3 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Kazuto Harada, Xiaochuan Dong, Jeannelyn S. Estrella, Arlene M. Correa, Yan Xu, Wayne L. Hofstetter, Kazuki Sudo, Hisashi Onodera, Koyu Suzuki, Akihiro Suzuki, Randy L. Johnson, Zhenning Wang, Shumei Song, Jaffer A. Ajani |
| Abstract |
Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a key protein upregulated by tumor cells to suppress immune responses. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a major role in this immunosuppression, but the relationship between PD-L1 expression and TAMs remains unclear in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). We simultaneously examined expression of PD-L1 and TAMs in GAC. We performed immunohistochemical staining for PD-L1, CD68 (pan-macrophage), and CD163 (M2-like macrophage) in 217 GAC samples using a tissue microarray. Expression of PD-L1 and CD68- and CD163-positive cells was evaluated using the Cytoplasmic V2.0 algorithm in Aperio ImageScope software, and logistic regression analysis was used to compare expression patterns between groups. Thirty-one samples (14%) were positive for PD-L1 expression. The mean (± standard error) rates of infiltration were 6.83 ± 0.38% for CD68-positive cells and 6.16 ± 0.29% for CD163-positive cells. The mean rate of CD163-positive cell infiltration was significantly higher in diffuse GAC than in intestinal GAC (diffuse n = 111, 6.91%; intestinal n = 91, 5.26%; p = 0.006), but the mean rate of CD68-positive cell infiltration was similar between these types (p = 0.38). The mean infiltration rates of CD68- and CD163-positive cells in PD-L1-positive GAC were significantly higher than in PD-L1-negative GAC (CD68 p = 0.0002; CD163 p < 0.0001). In multivariate logistic regression analyses, CD163-positive cell infiltration was associated with PD-L1 expression (odds ratio 1.13; 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.25; p = 0.021). M2-like macrophage infiltration is highly associated with PD-L1 expression in GAC cells, suggesting that macrophage infiltration can serve as a potential therapeutic target. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 3 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Denmark | 1 | 33% |
| Spain | 1 | 33% |
| Unknown | 1 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 2 | 67% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 43 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 43 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 6 | 14% |
| Researcher | 6 | 14% |
| Student > Master | 6 | 14% |
| Professor > Associate Professor | 4 | 9% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 3 | 7% |
| Other | 8 | 19% |
| Unknown | 10 | 23% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 17 | 40% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 8 | 19% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 5% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 1 | 2% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 1 | 2% |
| Other | 1 | 2% |
| Unknown | 13 | 30% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 3. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 26 June 2018.
All research outputs
#13,541,585
of 23,577,654 outputs
Outputs from Gastric Cancer
#249
of 609 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#155,546
of 319,359 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Gastric Cancer
#4
of 10 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,577,654 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 42nd percentile – i.e., 42% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 609 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 3.0. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 59% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 10 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has scored higher than 6 of them.