| Title |
Women’s Progress for Men’s Gain? Gender-Specific Changes in the Return to Education as Measured by Family Standard of Living, 1990 to 2009–2011
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Demography, August 2017
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s13524-017-0601-3 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
ChangHwan Kim, Arthur Sakamoto |
| Abstract |
This study investigates gender-specific changes in the total financial return to education among persons of prime working ages (35-44 years) using U.S. Census data from 1990 and 2000, and the 2009-2011 American Community Survey. We define the total financial return to education as the family standard of living as measured by family income adjusted for family size. Our results indicate that women experienced significant progress in educational attainment and labor market outcomes over this time period. Ironically, married women's progress in education and personal earnings has led to greater improvement in the family standard of living for married men than for women themselves. Gender-specific changes in assortative mating are mostly responsible for this paradoxical trend. Because the number of highly educated women exceeds the number of highly educated men in the marriage market, the likelihood of educational marrying up has substantially increased for men over time while women's likelihood has decreased. Sensitivity analyses show that the greater improvement in the family standard of living for men than for women is not limited to prime working-age persons but is also evident in the general population. Consequently, women's return to education through marriage declined while men's financial gain through marriage increased considerably. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 33 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 7 | 21% |
| United States | 6 | 18% |
| Russia | 1 | 3% |
| South Africa | 1 | 3% |
| Spain | 1 | 3% |
| Ireland | 1 | 3% |
| Unknown | 16 | 48% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 21 | 64% |
| Scientists | 9 | 27% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 6% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 3% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 81 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 81 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 14 | 17% |
| Student > Bachelor | 12 | 15% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 6 | 7% |
| Researcher | 5 | 6% |
| Student > Master | 5 | 6% |
| Other | 9 | 11% |
| Unknown | 30 | 37% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Social Sciences | 22 | 27% |
| Business, Management and Accounting | 9 | 11% |
| Economics, Econometrics and Finance | 9 | 11% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 2 | 2% |
| Psychology | 2 | 2% |
| Other | 3 | 4% |
| Unknown | 34 | 42% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 208. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 08 April 2023.
All research outputs
#189,820
of 25,617,409 outputs
Outputs from Demography
#48
of 2,012 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#3,987
of 326,845 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Demography
#3
of 29 outputs
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