| Title |
The endocannabinoid-CB2 receptor axis protects the ischemic heart at the early stage of cardiomyopathy
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Basic Research in Cardiology, July 2014
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00395-014-0425-x |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Georg D. Duerr, Jan C. Heinemann, Georg Suchan, Elvis Kolobara, Daniela Wenzel, Caroline Geisen, Michaela Matthey, Kristine Passe-Tietjen, Walid Mahmud, Alexander Ghanem, Klaus Tiemann, Judith Alferink, Sven Burgdorf, Rainer Buchalla, Andreas Zimmer, Beat Lutz, Armin Welz, Bernd K. Fleischmann, Oliver Dewald |
| Abstract |
Ischemic heart disease is associated with inflammation, interstitial fibrosis and ventricular dysfunction prior to the development of heart failure. Endocannabinoids and the cannabinoid receptor CB2 have been claimed to be involved, but their potential role in cardioprotection is not well understood. We therefore explored the role of the cannabinoid receptor CB2 during the initial phase of ischemic cardiomyopathy development prior to the onset of ventricular dysfunction or infarction. Wild type and CB2-deficient mice underwent daily brief, repetitive ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) episodes leading to ischemic cardiomyopathy. The relevance of the endocannabinoid-CB2 receptor axis was underscored by the finding that CB2 was upregulated in ischemic wild type cardiomyocytes and that anandamide level was transiently increased during I/R. CB2-deficient mice showed an increased rate of apoptosis, irreversible loss of cardiomyocytes and persistent left ventricular dysfunction 60 days after the injury, whereas wild type mice presented neither morphological nor functional defects. These defects were due to lack of cardiomyocyte protection mechanisms, as CB2-deficient hearts were in contrast to controls unable to induce switch in myosin heavy chain isoforms, antioxidative enzymes and chemokine CCL2 during repetitive I/R. In addition, a prolonged inflammatory response and adverse myocardial remodeling were found in CB2-deficient hearts because of postponed activation of the M2a macrophage subpopulation. Therefore, the endocannabinoid-CB2 receptor axis plays a key role in cardioprotection during the initial phase of ischemic cardiomyopathy development. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 4 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 4 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 4 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 47 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 2% |
| Unknown | 46 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 8 | 17% |
| Researcher | 8 | 17% |
| Student > Master | 5 | 11% |
| Student > Bachelor | 5 | 11% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 4 | 9% |
| Other | 9 | 19% |
| Unknown | 8 | 17% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 15 | 32% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 8 | 17% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 7 | 15% |
| Chemistry | 4 | 9% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 1 | 2% |
| Other | 2 | 4% |
| Unknown | 10 | 21% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 4. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 25 June 2015.
All research outputs
#8,108,955
of 24,486,486 outputs
Outputs from Basic Research in Cardiology
#215
of 690 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#75,682
of 232,564 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Basic Research in Cardiology
#2
of 5 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 24,486,486 research outputs across all sources so far. This one has received more attention than most of these and is in the 66th percentile.
So far Altmetric has tracked 690 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 5.2. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 68% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 232,564 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 67% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 5 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has scored higher than 3 of them.