| Title |
Metabolically Healthy Obese and Incident Cardiovascular Disease Events Among 3.5 Million Men and Women
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
JACC, September 2017
|
| DOI | 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.07.763 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Rishi Caleyachetty, G. Neil Thomas, Konstantinos A. Toulis, Nuredin Mohammed, Krishna M. Gokhale, Kumarendran Balachandran, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar |
| Abstract |
Previous studies have been unclear about the cardiovascular risks for metabolically healthy obese individuals. This study examined the associations among metabolically healthy obese individuals and 4 different presentations of incident cardiovascular disease in a contemporary population. We used linked electronic health records (1995 to 2015) in The Health Improvement Network (THIN) to assemble a cohort of 3.5 million individuals, 18 years of age or older and initially free of cardiovascular disease. We created body size phenotypes defined by body mass index categories (underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity) and 3 metabolic abnormalities (diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia). The primary endpoints were the first record of 1 of 4 cardiovascular presentations (coronary heart disease [CHD], cerebrovascular disease, heart failure, and peripheral vascular disease). During a mean follow-up of 5.4 years, obese individuals with no metabolic abnormalities had a higher risk of CHD (multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.49; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.45 to 1.54), cerebrovascular disease (HR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.11), and heart failure (HR: 1.96; 95% CI: 1.86 to 2.06) compared with normal weight individuals with 0 metabolic abnormalities. Risk of CHD, cerebrovascular disease, and heart failure in normal weight, overweight, and obese individuals increased with increasing number of metabolic abnormalities. Metabolically healthy obese individuals had a higher risk of coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and heart failure than normal weight metabolically healthy individuals. Even individuals who are normal weight can have metabolic abnormalities and similar risks for cardiovascular disease events. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 661 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Spain | 94 | 14% |
| Mexico | 71 | 11% |
| United States | 63 | 10% |
| United Kingdom | 29 | 4% |
| Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 16 | 2% |
| Argentina | 15 | 2% |
| Australia | 11 | 2% |
| Canada | 11 | 2% |
| Netherlands | 10 | 2% |
| Other | 70 | 11% |
| Unknown | 271 | 41% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 482 | 73% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 85 | 13% |
| Scientists | 83 | 13% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 10 | 2% |
| Unknown | 1 | <1% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 407 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 407 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 43 | 11% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 41 | 10% |
| Student > Master | 40 | 10% |
| Student > Bachelor | 36 | 9% |
| Other | 35 | 9% |
| Other | 94 | 23% |
| Unknown | 118 | 29% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 124 | 30% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 37 | 9% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 26 | 6% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 17 | 4% |
| Sports and Recreations | 11 | 3% |
| Other | 44 | 11% |
| Unknown | 148 | 36% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1314. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 17 November 2023.
All research outputs
#10,143
of 25,732,188 outputs
Outputs from JACC
#23
of 16,923 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#123
of 325,416 outputs
Outputs of similar age from JACC
#1
of 293 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,732,188 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 99th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 16,923 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 30.2. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 325,416 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 293 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its contemporaries.