Title |
Overcoming endocrine resistance due to reduced PTEN levels in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer by co-targeting mammalian target of rapamycin, protein kinase B, or mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase
|
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Published in |
Breast Cancer Research, September 2014
|
DOI | 10.1186/s13058-014-0430-x |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Xiaoyong Fu, Chad J Creighton, Nrusingh C Biswal, Vijetha Kumar, Martin Shea, Sabrina Herrera, Alejandro Contreras, Carolina Gutierrez, Tao Wang, Sarmistha Nanda, Mario Giuliano, Gladys Morrison, Agostina Nardone, Kristen L Karlin, Thomas F Westbrook, Laura M Heiser, Pavana Anur, Paul Spellman, Sylvie M Guichard, Paul D Smith, Barry R Davies, Teresa Klinowska, Adrian V Lee, Gordon B Mills, Mothaffar F Rimawi, Susan G Hilsenbeck, Joe W Gray, Amit Joshi, C Kent Osborne, Rachel Schiff |
Abstract |
Activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway in estrogen receptor α (ER)-positive breast cancer is associated with reduced ER expression and activity, luminal B subtype, and poor outcome. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a negative regulator of this pathway, is typically lost in ER-negative breast cancer. We set out to clarify the role of reduced PTEN levels in endocrine resistance, and to explore the combination of newly developed PI3K downstream kinase inhibitors to overcome this resistance. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Portugal | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 79 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 16 | 20% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 15 | 19% |
Student > Master | 8 | 10% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 7 | 9% |
Student > Bachelor | 6 | 8% |
Other | 10 | 13% |
Unknown | 18 | 23% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 28 | 35% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 15 | 19% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 9 | 11% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 4 | 5% |
Psychology | 2 | 3% |
Other | 5 | 6% |
Unknown | 17 | 21% |