Title |
Carbohydrate-Loading and Exercise Performance
|
---|---|
Published in |
Sports Medicine, October 2012
|
DOI | 10.2165/00007256-199724020-00001 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
John A. Hawley, Elske J. Schabort, Timothy D. Noakes, Steven C. Dennis |
Abstract |
This review suggests that there is little or no effect of elevating pre-exercise muscle glycogen contents above normal resting values on a single exhaustive bout of high-intensity exercise lasting less than 5 minutes. Nor is there any benefit of increasing starting muscle glycogen content on moderate-intensity running or cycling lasting 60 to 90 minutes. In such exercise substantial quantities of glycogen remain in the working muscles at the end of exercise. However, elevated starting muscle glycogen content will postpone fatigue by approximately equal to 20% in endurance events lasting more than 90 minutes. During this type of exercise, exhaustion usually coincides with critically low (25 mmol/kg wet weight) muscle glycogen contents, suggesting the supply of energy from glycogen utilisation cannot be replaced by an increased oxidation of blood glucose. Glycogen supercompensation may also improve endurance performance in which a set distance is covered as quickly as possible. In such exercise, high carbohydrate diets have been reported to improve performance by 2 to 3%. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 4 | 27% |
Ecuador | 2 | 13% |
Brazil | 1 | 7% |
Australia | 1 | 7% |
Unknown | 7 | 47% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 7 | 47% |
Members of the public | 5 | 33% |
Scientists | 2 | 13% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 7% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 5 | 1% |
Canada | 2 | <1% |
South Africa | 1 | <1% |
India | 1 | <1% |
New Zealand | 1 | <1% |
Denmark | 1 | <1% |
Poland | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 442 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Bachelor | 120 | 26% |
Student > Master | 78 | 17% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 43 | 9% |
Researcher | 24 | 5% |
Student > Postgraduate | 21 | 5% |
Other | 57 | 13% |
Unknown | 111 | 24% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Sports and Recreations | 151 | 33% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 43 | 9% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 38 | 8% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 35 | 8% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 21 | 5% |
Other | 39 | 9% |
Unknown | 127 | 28% |