| Title |
Optimization of total vaporization solid-phase microextraction (TV-SPME) for the determination of lipid profiles of Phormia regina, a forensically important blow fly species
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry, August 2017
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00216-017-0573-6 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
William Kranz, Clinton Carroll, Darren Dixon, Christine Picard, John Goodpaster |
| Abstract |
A new method has been developed for the determination of fatty acids, sterols, and other lipids which naturally occur within pupae of the blow fly Phormia regina. The method relies upon liquid extraction in non-polar solvent, followed by derivatization using N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) w/ 1% trimethylchlorsilane (TMCS) carried out inside the sample vial. The analysis is facilitated by total vaporization solid-phase microextraction (TV-SPME), with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) serving as the instrumentation for analysis. The TV-SPME delivery technique is approximately a factor of five more sensitive than traditional liquid injection, which may alleviate the need for rotary evaporation, reconstitution, collection of high performance liquid chromatography fractions, and many of the other pre-concentration steps that are commonplace in the current literature. Furthermore, the ability to derivatize the liquid extract in a single easy step while increasing sensitivity represents an improvement over current derivatization methods. The most common lipids identified in fly pupae were various saturated and unsaturated fatty acids ranging from lauric acid (12:0) to arachinoic acid (20:4), as well as cholesterol. The concentrations of myristic acid (14:0), palmitelaidic acid (16:2), and palmitoleic acid (16:1) were the most reliable indicators of the age of the pupae. Graphical abstract Blow fly pupae were extracted prior to emerging as adults. The extracts were analyzed via total vaporization solid-phase microextraction (TV-SPME), revealing a complex mixture of lipids that could be associated with the age of the insect. This information may assist in determining a post-mortum interval (PMI) in a death investigation. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 3 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 33% |
| Unknown | 2 | 67% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Scientists | 2 | 67% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 20 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 20 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 5 | 25% |
| Professor | 4 | 20% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 2 | 10% |
| Lecturer | 1 | 5% |
| Other | 1 | 5% |
| Other | 2 | 10% |
| Unknown | 5 | 25% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Chemistry | 4 | 20% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 3 | 15% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 2 | 10% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 2 | 10% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 1 | 5% |
| Other | 2 | 10% |
| Unknown | 6 | 30% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 23 October 2017.
All research outputs
#19,962,154
of 25,394,764 outputs
Outputs from Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
#6,072
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Outputs of similar age
#236,404
of 323,906 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
#64
of 172 outputs
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