Coronary Revascularization in Children at a Mexican Cardiac Center: Thirteen-Year Outcomes

Samuel E. Ramírez-Marroquín, Alejandra Iturriaga-Hernández, Juan Calderón-Colmenero, Antonio Benita-Bordes, Jorge L. Cervantes-Salazar

The indications for pediatric coronary revascularization are diverse. There are a large proportion of patients with sequelae of severe inflammatory diseases such as Kawasaki disease, and other less common causes. Retrospective review of ten pediatric patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery from January 2004 to December 2016. Ten children and adolescents ranging in age from 2 to 17 (median, 6) years at operation were followed up for as long as 13 years with a median follow-up of 2 years. The surgical indications include ischemia symptoms and/or coronary stenosis angiographically documented. Diagnoses include Kawasaki disease, anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery, and iatrogenic lesion of the right coronary artery. All the surgical procedures were performed with cardiopulmonary bypass with crystalloid cardioplegic arrest. The number of distal anastomoses was 1.6 per patient, and the left internal thoracic artery was used in one patient, the right internal thoracic artery in four patients, bilateral internal thoracic artery in four patients, and bilateral internal thoracic artery plus left radial artery in one patient, most frequently for right coronary artery revascularization. The patients underwent noninvasive diagnostic study during follow-up to evaluate their coronary status. The ten patients had no symptoms, and there was no mortality. Although survival was excellent after pediatric coronary bypass in our center, we need to continue the follow-up. Coronary revascularization by means of arterial grafting is a safe and reliable surgical modality for coronary disease in children.