| Title |
Do smokers self-administer pure nicotine? A review of the evidence
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Psychopharmacology, March 2004
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00213-004-1781-2 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Reuven Dar, Hanan Frenk |
| Abstract |
Nicotine is almost universally believed to be the primary agent motivating tobacco smoking and the main impediment to cessation. A principal argument in support of the presumed reinforcing properties of nicotine is that smokers self-administer pure nicotine. However, the evidence for nicotine self-administration in smokers has not been critically examined. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 8 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 3 | 38% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | 13% |
| Unknown | 4 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 8 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 41 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 2 | 5% |
| Netherlands | 1 | 2% |
| Israel | 1 | 2% |
| Norway | 1 | 2% |
| Canada | 1 | 2% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | 2% |
| Unknown | 34 | 83% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 11 | 27% |
| Researcher | 8 | 20% |
| Professor > Associate Professor | 5 | 12% |
| Professor | 5 | 12% |
| Student > Bachelor | 4 | 10% |
| Other | 6 | 15% |
| Unknown | 2 | 5% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Psychology | 19 | 46% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 6 | 15% |
| Neuroscience | 5 | 12% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 2 | 5% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 5% |
| Other | 2 | 5% |
| Unknown | 5 | 12% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 8. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 26 November 2016.
All research outputs
#4,759,600
of 25,371,288 outputs
Outputs from Psychopharmacology
#1,161
of 5,320 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#10,118
of 63,430 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Psychopharmacology
#9
of 36 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,371,288 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 81st percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 5,320 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 12.0. This one has done well, scoring higher than 77% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 63,430 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 83% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 36 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 75% of its contemporaries.