| Title |
Immediate Neurological Recovery Following Perispinal Etanercept Years After Brain Injury
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Clinical Drug Investigation, March 2014
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s40261-014-0186-1 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Edward Tobinick, Helen Rodriguez-Romanacce, Arthur Levine, Tracey A. Ignatowski, Robert N. Spengler |
| Abstract |
Positron emission tomographic brain imaging and pathological examination have revealed that a chronic, intracerebral neuroinflammatory response lasting for years after a single brain injury may occur in humans. Evidence suggests the immune signaling molecule, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), is centrally involved in this pathology through its modulation of microglial activation, role in synaptic dysfunction, and induction of depressive symptoms and neuropathic pain. Etanercept is a recombinant TNF receptor fusion protein and potent TNF inhibitor that has been found to reduce microglial activation and neuropathic pain in multiple experimental models. We report that a single dose of perispinal etanercept produced an immediate, profound, and sustained improvement in expressive aphasia, speech apraxia, and left hemiparesis in a patient with chronic, intractable, debilitating neurological dysfunction present for more than 3 years after acute brain injury. These results indicate that acute brain injury-induced pathologic levels of TNF may provide a therapeutic target that can be addressed years after injury. Perispinal administration of etanercept is capable of producing immediate relief from brain injury-mediated neurological dysfunction. |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 35 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 3% |
| Unknown | 34 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 5 | 14% |
| Researcher | 5 | 14% |
| Student > Master | 5 | 14% |
| Student > Bachelor | 5 | 14% |
| Other | 3 | 9% |
| Other | 8 | 23% |
| Unknown | 4 | 11% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 10 | 29% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 4 | 11% |
| Neuroscience | 3 | 9% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 6% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 2 | 6% |
| Other | 6 | 17% |
| Unknown | 8 | 23% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 22 November 2014.
All research outputs
#22,370,166
of 24,967,663 outputs
Outputs from Clinical Drug Investigation
#943
of 1,026 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#199,844
of 229,269 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Clinical Drug Investigation
#7
of 7 outputs
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