| Title |
Release of particles, organic compounds, and metals from crumb rubber used in synthetic turf under chemical and physical stress
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, October 2017
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s11356-017-0377-4 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Silvia Canepari, Paola Castellano, Maria Luisa Astolfi, Stefano Materazzi, Riccardo Ferrante, Dennis Fiorini, Roberta Curini |
| Abstract |
The chemical and morphological characteristics of materials released under chemical and physical stress by different rubber granulates used as infill materials in synthetic turf (recycled scrap tires, natural rubber, and a new-generation thermoplastic elastomer) were compared.The headspace solid-phase micro-extraction GC-MS analysis evidenced that at 70 °C natural rubber and thermoplastic elastomer release amounts of organic species much higher than recycled scrap tires. In particular, the desorption of mineral oils, with a prevalence of toxicologically relevant low-viscosity alkanes in the range C17-C22, and plasticizers (diisobutyl phthalate) was clearly evidenced. The new-generation thermoplastic elastomer material also releases butylated hydroxytoluene.In slightly acidic conditions, quite high amounts of bio-accessible Zn, Cu, and Co are released from recycled scrap tires, while natural rubber releases mainly Se and Tl. In contrast, the thermoplastic elastomer does not contain significant concentrations of leachable heavy metals.The formation of small particles, also in the inhalable fraction, was evidenced by electron microscopy after mechanical or thermal treatment of natural rubber. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 48 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 48 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 8 | 17% |
| Student > Master | 6 | 13% |
| Researcher | 5 | 10% |
| Student > Bachelor | 4 | 8% |
| Other | 2 | 4% |
| Other | 6 | 13% |
| Unknown | 17 | 35% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Chemistry | 7 | 15% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 7 | 15% |
| Environmental Science | 6 | 13% |
| Engineering | 4 | 8% |
| Chemical Engineering | 2 | 4% |
| Other | 7 | 15% |
| Unknown | 15 | 31% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 36. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 30 July 2023.
All research outputs
#1,142,120
of 25,626,416 outputs
Outputs from Environmental Science and Pollution Research
#173
of 10,971 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#23,512
of 341,063 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Environmental Science and Pollution Research
#7
of 305 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,626,416 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 95th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 10,971 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 4.1. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 98% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 341,063 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 93% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 305 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 98% of its contemporaries.