| Title |
Seasonal and Diurnal Variation of Organic Ultraviolet Filters from Personal Care Products Used Along the Japanese Coast
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, December 2014
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00244-014-0106-7 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Kenshi Sankoda, Kotaro Murata, Mai Tanihata, Kengo Suzuki, Kei Nomiyama, Ryota Shinohara |
| Abstract |
This study aimed to investigate the behavior of organic ultraviolet (UV) filters released by recreational activities along the Japanese coastline. Seasonal variations of organic UV filters in seawater were investigated at four different recreational beaches (Mogushi, Wakamiya, Tsurugahama, and Otachimisaki beaches) in both summer (July through August) and winter (December). Moreover, short time scale diurnal changes were monitored at Otachimisaki beach in summer. Of the four sunscreen agents tested in this study, two agents-2-ethylhexyl-4-methoxycinnamate (EHMC) and 2-ethylhexyl salicylate (EHS)-were detected in all samples, whereas octyl-dimethyl-p-aminobenzonic acid and 3-(4-methylbenzylidene)-camphor were lower than detection limits. In particular, EHMC, one of the most popular organic UV filters, was dominant. The highest concentration of EHMC was observed at 1,080 ng L(-1), a level that exceeds those of previous studies. Both EHMC and EHS concentrations showed significant (p < 0.05) seasonal variations with advancing summer suggesting direct input from recreational activities. The subsequent examination showed short time scale diurnal changes of organic UV filters on the beach. The results showed that diurnal changes in EHMC concentrations were correlated to the number of bathers. EHMC concentrations increased during the afternoon and decreased during the night, although complete attenuation during the night did not occur. EHMC persists along the coast due to low mobility and may persist the next day. This is the first study to show the natural attenuation behavior of organic UV filters along recreational beaches. |
X Demographics
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Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 57 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 57 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 13 | 23% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 10 | 18% |
| Researcher | 9 | 16% |
| Student > Bachelor | 6 | 11% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 3 | 5% |
| Other | 5 | 9% |
| Unknown | 11 | 19% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Environmental Science | 18 | 32% |
| Chemistry | 14 | 25% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 4 | 7% |
| Chemical Engineering | 1 | 2% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 1 | 2% |
| Other | 3 | 5% |
| Unknown | 16 | 28% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 06 December 2014.
All research outputs
#21,153,429
of 23,806,312 outputs
Outputs from Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
#1,720
of 2,093 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#306,658
of 364,007 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
#15
of 36 outputs
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