Title |
Autochthonous transmission of Chagas disease in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil: a clinical and eco-epidemiological study
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Published in |
BMC Infectious Diseases, January 2015
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DOI | 10.1186/s12879-014-0732-8 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Luiz Henrique Conde Sangenis, Roberto Magalhães Saraiva, Ingebourg Georg, Liane de Castro, Valdirene dos Santos Lima, André Luiz R Roque, Samanta Cristina das Chagas Xavier, Laura Cristina Santos, Fabiano A Fernandes, Otília Sarquis, Marli Maria Lima, Filipe Aníbal Carvalho-Costa, Márcio Neves Bóia |
Abstract |
BackgroundAfter the control of the main modes of Chagas disease (CD) transmission in most endemic countries, it is important to identify the participation of native sylvatic vectors in CD transmission. Although CD is not considered endemic in Rio de Janeiro State (RJ), Brazil, we identified patients with CD born in RJ and investigated the possible autochthonous transmission in the state.MethodsPatients born in RJ and followed in our institution between 1986 and 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The cases identified as autochthonous transmission were submitted to epidemiological, clinical, serological, parasitological and molecular studies. Sectional field study with serological survey, research of sylvatic reservoirs and vectors was conducted in rural areas where patients were born.ResultsAmong 1963 patients, 69 (3.5%) were born in RJ. From these, 15 (21.7%) were considered to have acquired the infection by autochthonous transmission. Cardiac form was the commonest form of presentation (60%). In rural areas in RJ northern region, sylvatic cycles of Trypanosoma cruzi and domestic invasion by Triatoma vitticeps were identified, and CD prevalence among inhabitants was 0.74%.TcI genotype was identified in sylvatic reservoirs and vectors. The genotype (mixed infection TcI/TcVI) could be identified in one of the autochthonous cases.ConclusionsThe autochthonous vectorial transmission of CD occurs in RJ, probably due to wild cycles of T. cruzi and sylvatic vectors, such as T. vitticeps. Therefore, the health authorities should evaluate if RJ should be included in the original endemic area of CD and CD should be included in the diagnostic work out of cardiomyopathy of patients born in RJ. Moreover, control and educational measures should be put into place in the risk areas. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 62 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Bachelor | 9 | 15% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 8 | 13% |
Researcher | 8 | 13% |
Student > Master | 8 | 13% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 3 | 5% |
Other | 8 | 13% |
Unknown | 18 | 29% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 14 | 23% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 10 | 16% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 5 | 8% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 3 | 5% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 3 | 5% |
Other | 7 | 11% |
Unknown | 20 | 32% |