Title |
Blood biocompatibility of surface-bound multi-walled carbon nanotubes
|
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Published in |
Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, July 2014
|
DOI | 10.1016/j.nano.2014.07.005 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Alan M. Gaffney, Maria J. Santos-Martinez, Amro Satti, Terry C. Major, Kieran J. Wynne, Yurii K. Gun'ko, Gail M. Annich, Giuliano Elia, Marek W. Radomski |
Abstract |
Blood clots when it contacts foreign surfaces following platelet activation. This can be catastrophic in clinical settings involving extracorporeal circulation such as during heart-lung bypass where blood is circulated in polyvinyl chloride tubing. Studies have shown, however, that surface-bound carbon nanotubes may prevent platelet activation, the initiator of thrombosis. We studied the blood biocompatibility of polyvinyl chloride, surface-modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes in vitro and in vivo. Our results show that surface-bound multi-walled carbon nanotubes cause platelet activation in vitro and devastating thrombosis in an in vivo animal model of extracorporeal circulation. The mechanism of the pro-thrombotic effect likely involves direct multi-walled carbon nanotube-platelet interaction with Ca(2+)-dependant platelet activation. These experiments provide evidence, for the first time, that modification of surfaces with nanomaterials modulates blood biocompatibility in extracorporeal circulation. |
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