| Title |
Enzymatic hydrolysis of esterified diarrhetic shellfish poisoning toxins and pectenotoxins
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry, July 2007
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00216-007-1489-3 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Erin Doucet, Neil N. Ross, Michael A. Quilliam |
| Abstract |
Okadaic acid (OA) and dinophysistoxins-1 and -2 (DTX1, DTX2), the toxins responsible for incidents of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP), can occur as complex mixtures of ester derivatives in both plankton and shellfish. Alkaline hydrolysis is usually employed to release parent OA/DTX toxins, and analyses are conducted before and after hydrolysis to determine the concentrations of nonesterified and esterified toxins. Recent research has shown that other toxins, including pectenotoxins and spirolides, can also exist as esters in shellfish, but these toxins cannot survive alkaline hydrolysis. A promising alternative approach is enzymatic hydrolysis. In this study, two enzymatic methods were developed for the hydrolysis of 7-O-acyl esters, "DTX3," and the carboxylate esters of OA, "diol-esters." Porcine pancreatic lipase induced complete conversion of DTX3 to OA and DTXs within one hour for reference solutions. The presence of mussel tissue matrix reduced the rate of hydrolysis, but an optimized lipase concentration resulted in greater than 95% conversion within four hours. OA-diol-ester was hydrolyzed by porcine liver esterase and was completely converted to OA in less than 30 min, even in the presence of mussel tissue matrix. Esters and OA/DTX toxins were all monitored by LC-MS. Further experiments with pectenotoxin esters indicated that enzymatic hydrolysis could also be applied to esters of other toxins. Enzymatic hydrolysis has excellent potential as an alternative to the conventional alkaline hydrolysis procedure used in the preparation of shellfish samples for the analysis of toxins. |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 43 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 1 | 2% |
| Chile | 1 | 2% |
| Mexico | 1 | 2% |
| Norway | 1 | 2% |
| Unknown | 39 | 91% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 9 | 21% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 8 | 19% |
| Researcher | 8 | 19% |
| Student > Bachelor | 6 | 14% |
| Student > Master | 5 | 12% |
| Other | 5 | 12% |
| Unknown | 2 | 5% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 14 | 33% |
| Environmental Science | 6 | 14% |
| Chemistry | 5 | 12% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 4 | 9% |
| Earth and Planetary Sciences | 2 | 5% |
| Other | 6 | 14% |
| Unknown | 6 | 14% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 12. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 18 November 2021.
All research outputs
#2,863,755
of 25,373,627 outputs
Outputs from Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
#239
of 9,619 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#6,433
of 76,095 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
#2
of 48 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,373,627 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 88th percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 9,619 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 3.1. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 97% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 48 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 95% of its contemporaries.