| Title |
Genomic trade-offs: are autism and schizophrenia the steep price of the human brain?
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Human Genetics, January 2018
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00439-017-1865-9 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
J. M. Sikela, V. B. Searles Quick |
| Abstract |
Evolution often deals in genomic trade-offs: changes in the genome that are beneficial overall persist even though they also produce disease in a subset of individuals. Here, we explore the possibility that such trade-offs have occurred as part of the evolution of the human brain. Specifically, we provide support for the possibility that the same key genes that have been major contributors to the rapid evolutionary expansion of the human brain and its exceptional cognitive capacity also, in different combinations, are significant contributors to autism and schizophrenia. Furthermore, the model proposes that one of the primary genes behind this trade-off may not technically be "a gene" or "genes" but rather are the highly duplicated sequences that encode the Olduvai protein domain family (formerly called DUF1220). This is not an entirely new idea. Others have proposed that the same genes involved in schizophrenia were also critical to the rapid expansion of the human brain, a view that has been expressed as "the same 'genes' that drive us mad have made us human". What is new is that a "gene", or more precisely a protein domain family, has been found that may satisfy these requirements. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 59 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 7 | 12% |
| Spain | 6 | 10% |
| France | 3 | 5% |
| Japan | 1 | 2% |
| Russia | 1 | 2% |
| Colombia | 1 | 2% |
| India | 1 | 2% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | 2% |
| Argentina | 1 | 2% |
| Other | 2 | 3% |
| Unknown | 35 | 59% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 50 | 85% |
| Scientists | 6 | 10% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 3% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 2% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 105 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 105 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 18 | 17% |
| Researcher | 12 | 11% |
| Student > Bachelor | 11 | 10% |
| Student > Master | 8 | 8% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 8 | 8% |
| Other | 15 | 14% |
| Unknown | 33 | 31% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 14 | 13% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 13 | 12% |
| Psychology | 8 | 8% |
| Neuroscience | 7 | 7% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 6 | 6% |
| Other | 15 | 14% |
| Unknown | 42 | 40% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 58. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 17 September 2020.
All research outputs
#744,070
of 25,654,806 outputs
Outputs from Human Genetics
#44
of 2,974 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#17,807
of 471,078 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Human Genetics
#1
of 18 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,654,806 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 97th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 2,974 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 7.0. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 98% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 471,078 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 96% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 18 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 94% of its contemporaries.