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Understanding tinnitus distress: Introducing the concepts of moderators and mediators

Overview of attention for article published in International Journal of Audiology, July 2009
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Title
Understanding tinnitus distress: Introducing the concepts of moderators and mediators
Published in
International Journal of Audiology, July 2009
DOI 10.1080/14992020802301670
Pubmed ID
Authors

Gerhard Andersson, Vendela Westin

Abstract

We focus this theoretical paper on a neglected distinction in tinnitus research between moderators and mediators of tinnitus distress. A moderator variable is one that influences the strength of a relationship between two other variables. In the paper we propose that several variables might act as moderators of tinnitus distress. Degree of hearing loss, arousal, insomnia, characteristics of tinnitus, noise sensitivity, and a range of psychological factors such as personality and perceived control are discussed as potential moderators. We then move on to mediator variables. A mediator variable is one that explains the relationship between the two other variables, and must by definition be caused by a predictor, and then mediate between the predictor and the dependent variable. We propose that stress levels (caused by tinnitus), classical conditioning, selective attention towards tinnitus, and psychological acceptance of tinnitus (versus experiential avoidance) might be mediators of distress. We encourage more research on moderators and mediators of tinnitus distress, as these will help illuminate treatment protocols and how they might work.

Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 81 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Brazil 1 1%
Unknown 80 99%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Ph. D. Student 14 17%
Student > Master 12 15%
Researcher 11 14%
Student > Bachelor 10 12%
Student > Doctoral Student 5 6%
Other 12 15%
Unknown 17 21%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Psychology 26 32%
Medicine and Dentistry 18 22%
Nursing and Health Professions 5 6%
Neuroscience 5 6%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 2 2%
Other 7 9%
Unknown 18 22%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 3. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 14 May 2020.
All research outputs
#7,451,942
of 22,782,096 outputs
Outputs from International Journal of Audiology
#467
of 1,512 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#37,062
of 109,857 outputs
Outputs of similar age from International Journal of Audiology
#36
of 117 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,782,096 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 44th percentile – i.e., 44% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 1,512 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 7.4. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 55% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 109,857 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 18th percentile – i.e., 18% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 117 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 8th percentile – i.e., 8% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.