| Title |
Determinants of antiretroviral adherence among HIV positive children and teenagers in rural Tanzania: a mixed methods study
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
BMC Infectious Diseases, January 2015
|
| DOI | 10.1186/s12879-015-0753-y |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Daniel Nyogea, Sally Mtenga, Lars Henning, Fabian C Franzeck, Tracy R Glass, Emilio Letang, Marcel Tanner, Eveline Geubbels |
| Abstract |
BackgroundAround 3.3 million children worldwide are infected with HIV and 90% of them live in sub-Saharan Africa. Our study aimed to estimate adherence levels and find the determinants, facilitators and barriers of ART adherence among children and teenagers in rural Tanzania.MethodsWe applied a sequential explanatory mixed method design targeting children and teenagers aged 2¿19 years residing in Ifakara. We conducted a quantitative cross sectional study followed by a qualitative study combining focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews (IDIs). We used pill count to measure adherence and defined optimal adherence as¿>¿=80% of pills being taken. We analysed determinants of poor adherence using logistic regression. We held eight FGDs with adolescent boys and girls on ART and with caretakers. We further explored issues emerging in the FGDs in four in-depth interviews with patients and health workers. Qualitative data was analysed using thematic content analysis.ResultsOut of 116 participants available for quantitative analysis, 70% had optimal adherence levels and the average adherence level was 84%. Living with a non-parent caretaker predicted poor adherence status. From the qualitative component, unfavorable school environment, timing of the morning ART dose, treatment longevity, being unaware of HIV status, non-parental (biological) care, preference for traditional medicine (herbs) and forgetfulness were seen to be barriers for optimal adherence.ConclusionThe study has highlighted specific challenges in ART adherence faced by children and teenagers. Having a biological parent as a caretaker remains a key determinant of adherence among children and teenagers. To achieve optimal adherence, strategies targeting the caretakers, the school environment, and the health system need to be designed. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 4 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Denmark | 1 | 25% |
| United States | 1 | 25% |
| Switzerland | 1 | 25% |
| Unknown | 1 | 25% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Scientists | 2 | 50% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 25% |
| Members of the public | 1 | 25% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 274 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Tanzania, United Republic of | 2 | <1% |
| Unknown | 272 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 63 | 23% |
| Researcher | 31 | 11% |
| Student > Bachelor | 29 | 11% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 25 | 9% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 19 | 7% |
| Other | 48 | 18% |
| Unknown | 59 | 22% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 75 | 27% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 52 | 19% |
| Social Sciences | 31 | 11% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 13 | 5% |
| Psychology | 8 | 3% |
| Other | 26 | 9% |
| Unknown | 69 | 25% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 3. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 08 October 2015.
All research outputs
#13,072,910
of 22,783,848 outputs
Outputs from BMC Infectious Diseases
#3,113
of 7,670 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#167,896
of 353,087 outputs
Outputs of similar age from BMC Infectious Diseases
#54
of 157 outputs
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