| Title |
A tale of two mitochondrial channels, MAC and PTP, in apoptosis
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Apoptosis, February 2007
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s10495-007-0722-z |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Kathleen W. Kinnally, Bruno Antonsson |
| Abstract |
The crucial step in the intrinsic, or mitochondrial, apoptotic pathway is permeabilization of the mitochondrial outer membrane. Permeabilization triggers release of apoptogenic factors, such as cytochrome c, from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol where these factors ensure propagation of the apoptotic cascade and execution of cell death. However, the mechanism(s) underlying permeabilization of the outer membrane remain controversial. Two mechanisms, involving opening of two different mitochondrial channels, have been proposed to be responsible for the permeabilization; the permeability transition pore (PTP) in the inner membrane and the mitochondrial apoptosis-induced channel (MAC) in the outer membrane. Opening of PTP would lead to matrix swelling, subsequent rupture of the outer membrane, and an unspecific release of intermembrane proteins into the cytosol. However, many believe PTP opening is a consequence of apoptosis and this channel is thought to principally play a role in necrosis, not apoptosis. Activation of MAC is exquisitely regulated by Bcl-2 family proteins, which are the sentinels of apoptosis. MAC provides specific pores in the outer membrane for the passage of intermembrane proteins, in particular cytochrome c, to the cytosol. The electrophysiological characteristics of MAC are very similar to Bax channels and depletion of Bax significantly diminishes MAC activity, suggesting that Bax is an essential constituent of MAC in some systems. The characteristics of various mitochondrial channels and Bax are compared. The involvement of MAC and PTP activities in apoptosis of disease and their pharmacology are discussed. |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 131 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 3 | 2% |
| United Kingdom | 2 | 2% |
| France | 1 | <1% |
| Brazil | 1 | <1% |
| Finland | 1 | <1% |
| Spain | 1 | <1% |
| Russia | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 121 | 92% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 25 | 19% |
| Researcher | 23 | 18% |
| Student > Master | 14 | 11% |
| Student > Bachelor | 12 | 9% |
| Professor | 11 | 8% |
| Other | 28 | 21% |
| Unknown | 18 | 14% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 58 | 44% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 20 | 15% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 14 | 11% |
| Chemistry | 4 | 3% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 4 | 3% |
| Other | 9 | 7% |
| Unknown | 22 | 17% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 3. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 26 September 2021.
All research outputs
#7,452,489
of 22,783,848 outputs
Outputs from Apoptosis
#168
of 804 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#43,704
of 160,508 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Apoptosis
#11
of 27 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,783,848 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 44th percentile – i.e., 44% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 804 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 3.6. This one is in the 49th percentile – i.e., 49% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 27 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 3rd percentile – i.e., 3% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.