End-of-life care of children with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma

Fyeza Hasan, Kevin Weingarten, Adam Rapoport, Eric Bouffet, Ute Bartels

The end-of-life management of children with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is challenging. Families cope with debilitating symptoms and make complex decisions regarding their child's care. However, there is little evidence guiding palliative care provision for these children. Our objective was to describe the dying trajectory of children with DIPG, their symptoms, the care they require and the end-of-life decisions made for them. This retrospective cohort study analyzed the end-of-life care of 41 consecutive patients with DIPG who died between January 2001 and June 2010. All patients died of disease progression, experiencing a significant symptom burden prior to death. Despite this, the majority of patient days at the end of life were spent at home. However, 60% of patients were hospitalized at least once in their final 3 months, often close to the time of death. A wide range of healthcare professionals were involved, providing a range of medicinal/non-medicinal interventions. Chemotherapy was given to 30% of patients in their final month. Thirty of 33 families approached (91%) agreed to a "Do not resuscitate" order. A small subset of families opted for intensive treatment towards the end of life including cardiopulmonary resuscitation, intensive care admission and mechanical ventilation. Children with DIPG have complex needs and require intensive multidisciplinary support. This paper describes the end-of-life choices made for these children and discusses how these choices influence our institutional model for palliative care. We believe this approach will be useful to clinicians caring for similar patients.