| Title |
Type 1 diabetes susceptibility alleles are associated with distinct alterations in the gut microbiota
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Microbiome, February 2018
|
| DOI | 10.1186/s40168-018-0417-4 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Jane A. Mullaney, Juliette E. Stephens, Mary-Ellen Costello, Cai Fong, Brooke E. Geeling, Patrick G. Gavin, Casey M. Wright, Timothy D. Spector, Matthew A. Brown, Emma E. Hamilton-Williams |
| Abstract |
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune conditions including type 1 diabetes (T1D). It is unknown whether changes in the gut microbiota observed in T1D are due to environmental drivers, genetic risk factors, or both. Here, we have performed an analysis of associations between the gut microbiota and T1D genetic risk using the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of T1D and the TwinsUK cohort. Through the analysis of five separate colonies of T1D susceptible NOD mice, we identified similarities in NOD microbiome that were independent of animal facility. Introduction of disease protective alleles at the Idd3 and Idd5 loci (IL2, Ctla4, Slc11a1, and Acadl) resulted in significant alterations in the NOD microbiome. Disease-protected strains exhibited a restoration of immune regulatory pathways within the gut which could also be reestablished using IL-2 therapy. Increased T1D disease risk from IL-2 pathway loci in the TwinsUK cohort of human subjects resulted in some similar microbiota changes to those observed in the NOD mouse. These findings demonstrate for the first time that type 1 diabetes-associated genetic variants that restore immune tolerance to islet antigens also result in functional changes in the gut immune system and resultant changes in the microbiota. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 35 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Australia | 7 | 20% |
| United Kingdom | 5 | 14% |
| Italy | 4 | 11% |
| Spain | 3 | 9% |
| United States | 2 | 6% |
| France | 2 | 6% |
| Japan | 1 | 3% |
| Finland | 1 | 3% |
| India | 1 | 3% |
| Other | 1 | 3% |
| Unknown | 8 | 23% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 24 | 69% |
| Scientists | 9 | 26% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 3% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 3% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 88 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 88 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 17 | 19% |
| Student > Master | 16 | 18% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 13 | 15% |
| Student > Bachelor | 11 | 13% |
| Professor > Associate Professor | 4 | 5% |
| Other | 11 | 13% |
| Unknown | 16 | 18% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Immunology and Microbiology | 20 | 23% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 12 | 14% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 12 | 14% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 8 | 9% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 5 | 6% |
| Other | 10 | 11% |
| Unknown | 21 | 24% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 97. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 13 March 2020.
All research outputs
#414,679
of 24,552,012 outputs
Outputs from Microbiome
#106
of 1,660 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#9,912
of 335,285 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Microbiome
#5
of 64 outputs
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