| Title |
Non-linear growth trends of toe flexor muscle strength among children, adolescents, and young adults: a cross-sectional study
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
European Journal of Applied Physiology, March 2018
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00421-018-3827-x |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Noriteru Morita, Junichiro Yamauchi, Ryosuke Fukuoka, Toshiyuki Kurihara, Mitsuo Otsuka, Tomoyasu Okuda, Noriyuki Shide, Isao Kambayashi, Hisashi Shinkaiya |
| Abstract |
There are only a few studies on the muscular strength of the foot in children and adolescents; thus, the developmental pattern and normative data of these populations during growth are unclear. We sought to elucidate the developmental pattern of the foot muscle strength among children, adolescents, and young adults compared with that of the hand. A total of 747 children, adolescents, and young adults participated in this study, and their maximum isometric toe flexor strength (TFS), hand grip strength (HGS), and foot length were measured. TFS was correlated with HGS (r = 0.785), age (r = 0.659), height (r = 0.757), body mass (r = 0.737), and foot length (r = 0.594). Multiple regression analyses revealed that TFS was correlated with age (β = 0.243 in boys; β = 0.461 in girls), squared value of age (age2; β = - 0.296 in boys; β = - 0.260 in girls), and body mass (β = 0.256 in boys; β = 0.311 in girls) in both sexes, indicating a non-linear relationship between age and TFS development. In a regression model for HGS, age was a significant variable, but not age2. HGS increased linearly from childhood until young adulthood, whereas TFS increased from childhood until adolescence and then levelled off. Our results demonstrate that TFS has a different developmental pattern compared with HGS. |
X Demographics
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Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Japan | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 40 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 40 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 9 | 23% |
| Researcher | 3 | 8% |
| Professor > Associate Professor | 3 | 8% |
| Student > Master | 3 | 8% |
| Professor | 2 | 5% |
| Other | 8 | 20% |
| Unknown | 12 | 30% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Sports and Recreations | 12 | 30% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 6 | 15% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 4 | 10% |
| Social Sciences | 2 | 5% |
| Psychology | 1 | 3% |
| Other | 1 | 3% |
| Unknown | 14 | 35% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 04 March 2018.
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#20,663,600
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Outputs from European Journal of Applied Physiology
#3,712
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#271,116
of 346,918 outputs
Outputs of similar age from European Journal of Applied Physiology
#50
of 57 outputs
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