| Title |
Variations of l- and d-amino acid levels in the brain of wild-type and mutant mice lacking d-amino acid oxidase activity
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry, March 2018
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00216-018-0979-9 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Siqi Du, Yadi Wang, Choyce A. Weatherly, Kylie Holden, Daniel W. Armstrong |
| Abstract |
D-amino acids are now recognized to be widely present in organisms and play essential roles in biological processes. Some D-amino acids are metabolized by D-amino acid oxidase (DAO), while D-Asp and D-Glu are metabolized by D-aspartate oxidase (DDO). In this study, levels of 22 amino acids and the enantiomeric compositions of the 19 chiral proteogenic entities have been determined in the whole brain of wild-type ddY mice (ddY/DAO+/+), mutant mice lacking DAO activity (ddY/DAO-/-), and the heterozygous mice (ddY/DAO+/-) using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). No significant differences were observed for L-amino acid levels among the three strains except for L-Trp which was markedly elevated in the DAO+/- and DAO-/- mice. The question arises as to whether this is an unknown effect of DAO inactivity. The three highest levels of L-amino acids were L-Glu, L-Asp, and L-Gln in all the three strains. The lowest L-amino acid level was L-Cys in ddY/DAO+/- and ddY/DAO-/- mice, while L-Trp showed the lowest level in ddY/DAO+/+mice. The highest concentration of D-amino acid was found to be D-Ser, which also had the highest % D value (~ 25%). D-Glu had the lowest % D value (~ 0.01%) in all the three strains. Significant differences of D-Leu, D-Ala, D-Ser, D-Arg, and D-Ile were observed in ddY/DAO+/- and ddY/DAO-/- mice compared to ddY/DAO+/+ mice. This work provides the most complete baseline analysis of L- and D-amino acids in the brains of ddY/DAO+/+, ddY/DAO+/-, and ddY/DAO-/- mice yet reported. It also provides the most effective and efficient analytical approach for measuring these analytes in biological samples. This study provides fundamental information on the role of DAO in the brain and may be relevant for future development involving novel drugs for DAO regulation. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 3 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 33% |
| Unknown | 2 | 67% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Scientists | 2 | 67% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 20 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 20 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 4 | 20% |
| Researcher | 2 | 10% |
| Professor | 2 | 10% |
| Student > Master | 2 | 10% |
| Unspecified | 1 | 5% |
| Other | 1 | 5% |
| Unknown | 8 | 40% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Chemistry | 4 | 20% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 10% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 2 | 10% |
| Unspecified | 1 | 5% |
| Neuroscience | 1 | 5% |
| Other | 1 | 5% |
| Unknown | 9 | 45% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 13 April 2018.
All research outputs
#19,951,180
of 25,382,440 outputs
Outputs from Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
#6,061
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#257,628
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Outputs of similar age from Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
#103
of 203 outputs
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