| Title |
High-affinity glutamate transporters in the rat retina: a major role of the glial glutamate transporter GLAST-1 in transmitter clearance
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Cell and Tissue Research, December 1997
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s004410050976 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
T. Rauen, W. Rowland Taylor, Kirsten Kuhlbrodt, Michael Wiessner |
| Abstract |
Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter of the mammalian retina and glutamate uptake is essential for normal transmission at glutamatergic synapses. The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has revealed the presence of three different high-affinity glutamate transporters in the rat retina, viz. GLAST-1, GLT-1 and EAAC-1. No message has been found in the retina for EAAT-4, a transporter recently cloned from human brain. By using membrane vesicle preparations of total rat retina, we show that glutamate uptake in the retina is a high-affinity electrogenic sodium-dependent transport process driven by the transmembrane sodium ion gradient. Autoradiography of intact and dissociated rat retinae indicates that glutamate uptake by Müller glial cells dominates total retinal glutamate transport and that this uptake is strongly influenced by the activity of glutamine synthetase. RT-PCR, immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry have revealed that Müller cells express only GLAST-1. The Km for glutamate of GLAST-1 is 2.1+/-0.4 microM. This study suggests a major role for the Müller cell glutamate transporter GLAST-1 in retinal transmitter clearance. By regulating the extracellular glutamate concentration, the action of GLAST-1 in Müller cells may extend beyond the protection of neurons from excitotoxicity; we suggest a mechanism by which Müller cell glutamate transport might play an active role in shaping the time course of excitatory transmission in the retina. |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 58 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 3 | 5% |
| France | 1 | 2% |
| Unknown | 54 | 93% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 13 | 22% |
| Researcher | 8 | 14% |
| Professor | 6 | 10% |
| Student > Bachelor | 5 | 9% |
| Student > Master | 5 | 9% |
| Other | 10 | 17% |
| Unknown | 11 | 19% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 20 | 34% |
| Neuroscience | 14 | 24% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 5 | 9% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 4 | 7% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 2 | 3% |
| Other | 3 | 5% |
| Unknown | 10 | 17% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 3. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 11 May 2023.
All research outputs
#8,534,976
of 25,373,627 outputs
Outputs from Cell and Tissue Research
#545
of 2,232 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#19,621
of 94,540 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Cell and Tissue Research
#2
of 9 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,373,627 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 43rd percentile – i.e., 43% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 2,232 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 3.8. This one is in the 42nd percentile – i.e., 42% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
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