Title |
Endocrine disruptors and reproductive health: The case of bisphenol-A
|
---|---|
Published in |
Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, June 2006
|
DOI | 10.1016/j.mce.2006.04.033 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Maricel V. Maffini, Beverly S. Rubin, Carlos Sonnenschein, Ana M. Soto |
Abstract |
Epidemiological studies have reported that during the last 60 years the quantity and quality of human sperm has decreased and the incidence of male genital tract defects, testicular, prostate and breast cancer has increased. During the same time period, developmental, reproductive and endocrine effects have also been documented in wildlife species. The last six decades have witnessed a massive introduction of hormonally active synthetic chemicals into the environment leading some to postulate that the diverse outcomes documented in human and wildlife populations might be the result of extemporaneous exposure to xenoestrogens during development. The estrogen-mimic bisphenol-A (BPA) is used as a model agent for endocrine disruption. BPA is used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins from which food and beverage containers and dental materials are made. Perinatal exposure to environmentally relevant BPA doses results in morphological and functional alterations of the male and female genital tract and mammary glands that may predispose the tissue to earlier onset of disease, reduced fertility and mammary and prostate cancer. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Brazil | 1 | 50% |
Unknown | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Scientists | 1 | 50% |
Members of the public | 1 | 50% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 8 | 2% |
Brazil | 2 | <1% |
Turkey | 1 | <1% |
France | 1 | <1% |
Norway | 1 | <1% |
Chile | 1 | <1% |
Portugal | 1 | <1% |
South Africa | 1 | <1% |
India | 1 | <1% |
Other | 5 | 1% |
Unknown | 430 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 81 | 18% |
Student > Master | 77 | 17% |
Student > Bachelor | 63 | 14% |
Researcher | 44 | 10% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 29 | 6% |
Other | 72 | 16% |
Unknown | 86 | 19% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 102 | 23% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 49 | 11% |
Chemistry | 45 | 10% |
Environmental Science | 35 | 8% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 25 | 6% |
Other | 85 | 19% |
Unknown | 111 | 25% |