| Title |
Getting ready for the manned mission to Mars: the astronauts’ risk from space radiation
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
The Science of Nature, January 2007
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00114-006-0204-0 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Christine E. Hellweg, Christa Baumstark-Khan |
| Abstract |
Space programmes are shifting towards planetary exploration and, in particular, towards missions by human beings to the Moon and to Mars. Radiation is considered to be one of the major hazards for personnel in space and has emerged as the most critical issue to be resolved for long-term missions both orbital and interplanetary. The two cosmic sources of radiation that could impact a mission outside the Earth's magnetic field are solar particle events (SPE) and galactic cosmic rays (GCR). Exposure to the types of ionizing radiation encountered during space travel may cause a number of health-related problems, but the primary concern is related to the increased risk of cancer induction in astronauts. Predictions of cancer risk and acceptable radiation exposure in space are extrapolated from minimal data and are subject to many uncertainties. The paper describes present-day estimates of equivalent doses from GCR and solar cosmic radiation behind various shields and radiation risks for astronauts on a mission to Mars. |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 167 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Spain | 2 | 1% |
| Germany | 1 | <1% |
| France | 1 | <1% |
| Portugal | 1 | <1% |
| South Africa | 1 | <1% |
| Brazil | 1 | <1% |
| Canada | 1 | <1% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 158 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 30 | 18% |
| Student > Bachelor | 29 | 17% |
| Researcher | 26 | 16% |
| Student > Master | 24 | 14% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 9 | 5% |
| Other | 19 | 11% |
| Unknown | 30 | 18% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Engineering | 33 | 20% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 22 | 13% |
| Physics and Astronomy | 21 | 13% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 20 | 12% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 13 | 8% |
| Other | 26 | 16% |
| Unknown | 32 | 19% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 44. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 23 March 2017.
All research outputs
#856,637
of 23,794,258 outputs
Outputs from The Science of Nature
#120
of 2,195 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#2,056
of 163,789 outputs
Outputs of similar age from The Science of Nature
#3
of 23 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,794,258 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 96th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 2,195 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 13.5. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 94% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 163,789 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 98% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 23 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 86% of its contemporaries.