| Title |
Paraventricular hypothalamic and amygdalar CRF neurons synapse in the external globus pallidus
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Brain Structure and Function, March 2018
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00429-018-1652-y |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Albert J. Hunt, Rajan Dasgupta, Shivakumar Rajamanickam, Zhiying Jiang, Michael Beierlein, C. Savio Chan, Nicholas J. Justice |
| Abstract |
Stress evokes directed movement to escape or hide from potential danger. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) neurons are highly activated by stress; however, it remains unclear how this activity participates in stress-evoked movement. The external globus pallidus (GPe) expresses high levels of the primary receptor for CRF, CRFR1, suggesting the GPe may serve as an entry point for stress-relevant information to reach basal ganglia circuits, which ultimately gate motor output. Indeed, projections from CRF neurons are present within the GPe, making direct contact with CRFR1-positive neurons. CRFR1 expression is heterogenous in the GPe; prototypic GPe neurons selectively express CRFR1, while arkypallidal neurons do not. Moreover, CRFR1-positive GPe neurons are excited by CRF via activation of CRFR1, while nearby CRFR1-negative neurons do not respond to CRF. Using monosynaptic rabies viral tracing techniques, we show that CRF neurons in the stress-activated paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST) make synaptic connections with CRFR1-positive neurons in the GPe an unprecedented circuit connecting the limbic system with the basal ganglia. CRF neurons also make synapses on Npas1 neurons, although the majority of Npas1 neurons are arkypallidal and do not express CRFR1. Interestingly, prototypic and arkypallidal neurons receive different patterns of innervation from CRF-rich nuclei. Hypothalamic CRF neurons preferentially target prototypic neurons, while amygdalar CRF neurons preferentially target arkypallidal neurons, suggesting that these two inputs to the GPe may have different impacts on GPe output. Together, these data describe a novel neural circuit by which stress-relevant information carried by the limbic system signals in the GPe via CRF to influence motor output. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 21 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 12 | 57% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | 5% |
| Canada | 1 | 5% |
| Sweden | 1 | 5% |
| Unknown | 6 | 29% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 13 | 62% |
| Scientists | 8 | 38% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 57 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 57 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 14 | 25% |
| Student > Master | 8 | 14% |
| Researcher | 6 | 11% |
| Student > Bachelor | 4 | 7% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 3 | 5% |
| Other | 7 | 12% |
| Unknown | 15 | 26% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Neuroscience | 22 | 39% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 7 | 12% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 3 | 5% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 2 | 4% |
| Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 2 | 4% |
| Other | 4 | 7% |
| Unknown | 17 | 30% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 13. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 05 April 2018.
All research outputs
#2,631,397
of 24,217,893 outputs
Outputs from Brain Structure and Function
#181
of 1,725 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#55,692
of 334,944 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Brain Structure and Function
#7
of 42 outputs
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So far Altmetric has tracked 1,725 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 7.0. This one has done well, scoring higher than 89% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 42 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 83% of its contemporaries.