| Title |
Probiotic treatment reduces the autistic-like excitation/inhibition imbalance in juvenile hamsters induced by orally administered propionic acid and clindamycin
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Metabolic Brain Disease, March 2018
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s11011-018-0212-8 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Afaf El-Ansary, Abir Ben Bacha, Geir Bjørklund, Nora Al-Orf, Ramesa Shafi Bhat, Nadine Moubayed, Kawther Abed |
| Abstract |
Increasing evidence suggests that the gut microbiota plays a key role in the central nervous system (CNS), and alterations of the gut microbiota composition due to environmental factors can contribute to neurodevelopmental disorders. Animal modeling may help to identify drugs that can normalize the altered gut microbiota and thereby ameliorate abnormal brain signaling pathways. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic potency of probiotics such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli on glutamate excitotoxicity as a neurotoxic effect induced by clindamycin and propionic acid (PPA) in juvenile hamsters. Fifty young golden Syrian hamsters weighing between 60 and 70 g were enrolled in the study. The hamsters were randomly divided into five groups, each with ten hamsters. The hamsters in the control group only received phosphate-buffered saline orally. The PPA-treated group received a neurotoxic dose of 250 mg PPA/kg body weight (BW)/day for three days. The clindamycin-treated group received 30 mg clindamycin/kg BW as a single orogastric dose on the day the experiment started. The two therapeutic groups received the same doses of PPA and clindamycin followed by 0.2 g probiotic/kg BW for three weeks. Biochemical parameters related to glutamate excitotoxicity were investigated in brain homogenates from each group of hamsters. Additionally, the development of pathogenic bacteria was monitored in stool samples from all groups. The microbiology results of the present study revealed descriptive changes in the fecal microbiota and the appearance of Clostridium species in the hamsters treated with clindamycin and PPA. Additionally, the effectiveness of the probiotic in the restoration of the normal gut microbiota was demonstrated. Moreover, clindamycin and PPA were found to induce a significant depletion of Mg2+and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and a remarkable increase in the Na+/Mg2+and glutamate/GABA ratios but non-significant changes in the absolute levels of K+, Na+and glutamate. The bacteria overgrowth induced by PPA and clindamycin in the present study effectively showed signs of neuronal toxicity. The study indicates that probiotics can be used safely to ameliorate glutamate excitotoxicity mostly through increasing depleted GABA and Mg2+and decreasing the excitatory neurotransmitter, glutamate. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 5 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 2 | 40% |
| Canada | 1 | 20% |
| Unknown | 2 | 40% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 4 | 80% |
| Scientists | 1 | 20% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 142 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 142 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 21 | 15% |
| Student > Bachelor | 20 | 14% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 14 | 10% |
| Researcher | 9 | 6% |
| Other | 8 | 6% |
| Other | 23 | 16% |
| Unknown | 47 | 33% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 20 | 14% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 19 | 13% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 10 | 7% |
| Neuroscience | 10 | 7% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 8 | 6% |
| Other | 23 | 16% |
| Unknown | 52 | 37% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 10. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 30 March 2018.
All research outputs
#3,660,920
of 25,654,806 outputs
Outputs from Metabolic Brain Disease
#120
of 1,184 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#70,880
of 345,513 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Metabolic Brain Disease
#3
of 33 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,654,806 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 85th percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 1,184 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 5.7. This one has done well, scoring higher than 89% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 345,513 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 79% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 33 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 90% of its contemporaries.