| Title |
Mitochondria-Mediated Pathway Regulates C2C12 Cell Apoptosis Induced by Fluoride
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Biological Trace Element Research, March 2018
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s12011-018-1265-6 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Pan-pan Tan, Bian-hua Zhou, Wen-peng Zhao, Liu-shu Jia, Jing Liu, Hong-wei Wang |
| Abstract |
This study was designed to investigate the mechanisms of excessive fluoride-induced apoptosis via mitochondria-mediated pathway in skeletal muscle cells (C2C12 cells). C2C12 cells were cultured with the fluoride concentrations (0, 1, and 2.5 mmol/L) for 48 h. The morphology and ultrastructural changes of C2C12 cells were observed using a light microscope and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The protein expression levels of apoptosis factors, including Bax, Bcl-2, cytochrome c (Cyt c), caspase-3, and caspase-9, were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) and immunocytofluorescence. The morphology and ultrastructure of C2C12 cells were seriously damaged by fluoride at 1 and 2.5 mmol/L doses, including swollen mitochondria, vacuolization, ridge breakage, and disappearance of the nuclear membrane. Simultaneously, compared with the control group, the expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, Cyt c, caspase-3, and caspase-9 were up-regulated after fluoride treatment. Excessive fluoride damages the ultrastructure in mitochondria, leading to the release of Cyt c from the mitochondria to cytoplasm in C2C12 cells; thereby, activated caspases cascade apoptosis process through a mitochondria-mediated pathway. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 10 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 2 | 20% |
| Canada | 2 | 20% |
| Australia | 1 | 10% |
| Unknown | 5 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 7 | 70% |
| Scientists | 2 | 20% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 10% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 14 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 14 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unspecified | 1 | 7% |
| Other | 1 | 7% |
| Student > Bachelor | 1 | 7% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 1 | 7% |
| Student > Master | 1 | 7% |
| Other | 2 | 14% |
| Unknown | 7 | 50% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 3 | 21% |
| Unspecified | 1 | 7% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 1 | 7% |
| Earth and Planetary Sciences | 1 | 7% |
| Unknown | 8 | 57% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 6. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 09 January 2019.
All research outputs
#5,550,684
of 23,031,582 outputs
Outputs from Biological Trace Element Research
#339
of 2,054 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#96,201
of 329,870 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Biological Trace Element Research
#6
of 36 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,031,582 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 75th percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 2,054 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 4.7. This one has done well, scoring higher than 83% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 36 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 83% of its contemporaries.