| Title |
Internal languages of retrieval: The bilingual encoding of memories for the personal past
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Memory & Cognition, July 2000
|
| DOI | 10.3758/bf03201251 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Robert W. Schrauf, David C. Rubin |
| Abstract |
In contrast to most research on bilingual memory that focuses on how words in either lexicon are mapped onto memory for objects and concepts, we focus on memory for events in the personal past. Using a word-cue technique in sessions devoted exclusively to one language, we found that older Hispanic immigrants who had come to the United States as adults internally retrieved autobiographical memories in Spanish for events in the country of origin and in English for events in the U.S. These participants were consistently capable of discerning whether a memory had come to them "in words" or not, reflecting the distinction between purely imagistic or conceptual memories and specifically linguistic memories. Via examination of other phenomenological features of these memories (sense of re-living, sensory detail, emotionality, and rehearsal), we conclude that the linguistic/nonlinguistic distinction is fundamental and independent of these other characteristics. Bilinguals encode and retrieve certain autobiographical memories in one or the other language according to the context of encoding, and these linguistic characteristics are stable properties of those memories over time. |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 88 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 1% |
| Norway | 1 | 1% |
| Unknown | 86 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 15 | 17% |
| Student > Master | 14 | 16% |
| Student > Bachelor | 9 | 10% |
| Researcher | 7 | 8% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 7 | 8% |
| Other | 20 | 23% |
| Unknown | 16 | 18% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Psychology | 38 | 43% |
| Linguistics | 14 | 16% |
| Social Sciences | 3 | 3% |
| Arts and Humanities | 3 | 3% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 2 | 2% |
| Other | 9 | 10% |
| Unknown | 19 | 22% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 3. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 28 June 2011.
All research outputs
#7,454,427
of 22,789,566 outputs
Outputs from Memory & Cognition
#491
of 1,569 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#12,393
of 38,577 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Memory & Cognition
#2
of 2 outputs
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So far Altmetric has tracked 1,569 research outputs from this source. They typically receive more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 8.6. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 56% of its peers.
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