Title |
Assembly of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase
|
---|---|
Published in |
Histochemistry and Cell Biology, August 2004
|
DOI | 10.1007/s00418-004-0679-8 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
William M. Nauseef |
Abstract |
Stimulated phagocytes undergo a burst in respiration whereby molecular oxygen is converted to superoxide anion through the action of an NADPH-dependent oxidase. The multicomponent phagocyte oxidase is unassembled and inactive in resting cells but assembles at the plasma or phagosomal membrane upon phagocyte activation. Oxidase components include flavocytochrome b558, an integral membrane heterodimer comprised of gp91phox and p22phox, and three cytosolic proteins, p47phox, p67phox, and Rac1 or Rac2, depending on the species and phagocytic cell. In a sense, the phagocyte oxidase is spatially regulated, with critical elements segregated in the membrane and cytosol but ready to undergo nearly immediate assembly and activation in response to stimulation. To achieve such spatial regulation, the individual components in the resting phagocyte adopt conformations that mask potentially interactive structural domains that might mediate productive intermolecular associations and oxidase assembly. In response to stimulation, post-translational modifications of the oxidase components release these constraints and thereby render potential interfaces accessible and interactive, resulting in translocation of the cytosolic elements to the membrane where the functional oxidase is assembled and active. This review summarizes data on the structural features of the phagocyte oxidase components and on the agonist-dependent conformational rearrangements that contribute to oxidase assembly and activation. |
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Geographical breakdown
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Brazil | 2 | 1% |
Netherlands | 1 | <1% |
Estonia | 1 | <1% |
Portugal | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 150 | 94% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 39 | 25% |
Student > Master | 25 | 16% |
Researcher | 23 | 14% |
Student > Bachelor | 16 | 10% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 10 | 6% |
Other | 24 | 15% |
Unknown | 22 | 14% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
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Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 28 | 18% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 20 | 13% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 13 | 8% |
Neuroscience | 3 | 2% |
Other | 15 | 9% |
Unknown | 23 | 14% |