| Title |
Standing genetic variation and compensatory evolution in transgenic organisms: a growth-enhanced salmon simulation
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Transgenic Research, September 2010
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s11248-010-9443-0 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Robert N. M. Ahrens, Robert H. Devlin |
| Abstract |
Genetically modified strains usually are generated within defined genetic backgrounds to minimize variation for the engineered characteristic in order to facilitate basic research investigations or for commercial application. However, interactions between transgenes and genetic background have been documented in both model and commercial agricultural species, indicating that allelic variation at transgene-modifying loci are not uncommon in genomes. Engineered organisms that have the potential to allow entry of transgenes into natural populations may cause changes to ecosystems via the interaction of their specific phenotypes with ecosystem components and services. A transgene introgressing through natural populations is likely to encounter a range of natural genetic variation (among individuals or sub-populations) that could result in changes in phenotype, concomitant with effects on fitness and ecosystem consequences that differ from that seen in the progenitor transgenic strain. In the present study, using a growth hormone transgenic salmon example, we have modeled selection of modifier loci (single and multiple) in the presence of a transgene and have found that accounting for genetic background can significantly affect the persistence of transgenes in populations, potentially reducing or reversing a "Trojan gene" effect. Influences from altered life history characteristics (e.g., developmental timing, age of maturation) and compensatory demographic/ecosystem controls (e.g., density dependence) also were found to have a strong influence on transgene effects. Further, with the presence of a transgene in a population, genetic backgrounds were found to shift in non-transgenic individuals as well, an effect expected to direct phenotypes away from naturally selected optima. The present model has revealed the importance of understanding effects of selection for background genetics on the evolution of phenotypes in populations harbouring transgenes. |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 45 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 2 | 4% |
| Sweden | 1 | 2% |
| Netherlands | 1 | 2% |
| Iceland | 1 | 2% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | 2% |
| Unknown | 39 | 87% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 10 | 22% |
| Researcher | 7 | 16% |
| Student > Master | 7 | 16% |
| Professor > Associate Professor | 6 | 13% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 4 | 9% |
| Other | 5 | 11% |
| Unknown | 6 | 13% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 26 | 58% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 5 | 11% |
| Environmental Science | 3 | 7% |
| Chemical Engineering | 1 | 2% |
| Computer Science | 1 | 2% |
| Other | 1 | 2% |
| Unknown | 8 | 18% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 3. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 28 November 2015.
All research outputs
#7,454,951
of 22,790,780 outputs
Outputs from Transgenic Research
#366
of 890 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#35,211
of 98,706 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Transgenic Research
#8
of 10 outputs
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