| Title |
Decreased bone turnover in HIV-infected children on antiretroviral therapy
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Archives of Osteoporosis, April 2018
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s11657-018-0452-6 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Stephanie Shiau, Michael T. Yin, Renate Strehlau, Faeezah Patel, Ndileka Mbete, Louise Kuhn, Ashraf Coovadia, Stephen M. Arpadi |
| Abstract |
In this study, we evaluated the relationships between immune activation, bone turnover, and bone mass in virally suppressed HIV-infected children and HIV-uninfected children in South Africa. We found that decreased bone mass may occur or persist independent of immune activation and altered bone turnover. HIV-infected children and adolescents have deficits in skeletal growth which include decreases in bone mass and alterations in bone microarchitecture. However, the mechanism by which HIV infection compromises bone accrual in children and adolescents is unclear. The goal of this study was to evaluate the relationships between immune activation, bone turnover, and bone mass in a group of pre-pubertal HIV-infected children randomized to remain on ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (LPV/r)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) or switch to efavirenz-based ART in South Africa virally suppressed at the time of this study. This cross-sectional analysis included 219 HIV-infected and 180 HIV-uninfected children enrolled in the CHANGES Bone Study conducted in Johannesburg, South Africa. Whole body (WB) bone mineral content (BMC) was assessed by dual x-ray absorptiometry and WB BMC Z-scores adjusted for sex, age, and height were generated. Bone turnover markers, including C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTx) and procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), were analyzed. Markers of immune activation were also measured, including cytokines IL-6 and TNF-alpha, as well as soluble CD14 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP). Compared to uninfected controls, HIV-infected children had lower WB BMC Z-scores, similar IL-6 and TNF-alpha, higher soluble CD14 and high-sensitivity CRP, and lower markers of bone resorption (CTX) and bone formation (P1NP). Bone turnover markers were not different in those remaining on LPV/r or switched to efavirenz. Our findings suggest that in HIV-infected children with viral suppression, decreased bone accrual may occur or persist independent of immune activation and altered bone turnover. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 5 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Mexico | 1 | 20% |
| Switzerland | 1 | 20% |
| Argentina | 1 | 20% |
| Unknown | 2 | 40% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 4 | 80% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 20% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 75 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 75 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 16 | 21% |
| Researcher | 10 | 13% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 5 | 7% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 5 | 7% |
| Student > Bachelor | 5 | 7% |
| Other | 13 | 17% |
| Unknown | 21 | 28% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 22 | 29% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 5 | 7% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 4 | 5% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 3 | 4% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 3 | 4% |
| Other | 10 | 13% |
| Unknown | 28 | 37% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 3. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 05 January 2019.
All research outputs
#13,075,788
of 23,041,514 outputs
Outputs from Archives of Osteoporosis
#237
of 648 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#159,783
of 329,678 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Archives of Osteoporosis
#12
of 31 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,041,514 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 42nd percentile – i.e., 42% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 31 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 61% of its contemporaries.