| Title |
Influence of cholesterol/caveolin-1/caveolae homeostasis on membrane properties and substrate adhesion characteristics of adult human mesenchymal stem cells
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Stem Cell Research & Therapy, April 2018
|
| DOI | 10.1186/s13287-018-0830-4 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Jihee Sohn, Hang Lin, Madalyn Rose Fritch, Rocky S. Tuan |
| Abstract |
Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an important resource for tissue growth, repair, and regeneration. To utilize MSCs more effectively, a clear understanding of how they react to environmental cues is essential. Currently, relatively little is known about how the composition of the plasma membranes affects stem cell phenotype and properties. The presence of lipid molecules, including cholesterol in particular, in the plasma membrane plays a crucial role in regulating a variety of physiological processes in cells. In this study, we examined the effects of perturbations in cholesterol/caveolin-1 (CAV-1)/caveolae homeostasis on the membrane properties and adhesive characteristics of MSCs. Findings from this study will contribute to the understanding of how cholesterol/CAV-1/caveolae regulates aspects of the cell membrane important to cell adhesion, substrate sensing, and microenvironment interaction. We generated five experimental MSC groups: 1) untreated MSCs; 2) cholesterol-depleted MSCs; 3) cholesterol-supplemented MSCs; 4) MSCs transfected with control, nonspecific small interfering (si)RNA; and 5) MSCs transfected with CAV-1 siRNA. Each cell group was analyzed for perturbation of cholesterol status and CAV-1 expression by performing Amplex Red cholesterol assay, filipin fluorescence staining, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The membrane fluidity in the five experimental cell groups were measured using pyrene fluorescence probe staining followed by FACS analysis. Cell adhesion to collagen and fibronectin as well as cell surface integrin expression were examined. Cholesterol supplementation to MSCs increased membrane cholesterol, and resulted in decreased membrane fluidity and localization of elevated numbers of caveolae and CAV-1 to the cell membrane. These cells showed increased expression of α1, α4, and β1 integrins, and exhibited higher adhesion rates to fibronectin and collagen. Conversely, knockdown of CAV-1 expression or cholesterol depletion on MSCs caused a parallel decrease in caveolae content and an increase in membrane fluidity due to decreased delivery of cholesterol to the cell membrane. Cells with depleted CAV-1 expression showed decreased cell surface integrin expression and slower adhesion to different substrates. Our results demonstrate that perturbations in cholesterol/CAV-1 levels significantly affect the membrane properties of MSCs. These findings suggest that modification of membrane cholesterol and/or CAV-1 and caveolae may be used to manipulate the biological activities of MSCs. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 2 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Mexico | 1 | 50% |
| Unknown | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 50% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 50% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 66 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 66 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 11 | 17% |
| Student > Master | 8 | 12% |
| Student > Bachelor | 6 | 9% |
| Researcher | 6 | 9% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 5 | 8% |
| Other | 9 | 14% |
| Unknown | 21 | 32% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 17 | 26% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 7 | 11% |
| Neuroscience | 7 | 11% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 5 | 8% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 2 | 3% |
| Other | 3 | 5% |
| Unknown | 25 | 38% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 13 April 2018.
All research outputs
#15,683,389
of 23,305,591 outputs
Outputs from Stem Cell Research & Therapy
#1,379
of 2,453 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#210,846
of 329,831 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Stem Cell Research & Therapy
#50
of 71 outputs
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