| Title |
The Solar Cycle
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Living Reviews in Solar Physics, September 2015
|
| DOI | 10.1007/lrsp-2015-4 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
David H. Hathaway |
| Abstract |
The solar cycle is reviewed. The 11-year cycle of solar activity is characterized by the rise and fall in the numbers and surface area of sunspots. A number of other solar activity indicators also vary in association with the sunspots including; the 10.7 cm radio flux, the total solar irradiance, the magnetic field, flares and coronal mass ejections, geomagnetic activity, galactic cosmic ray fluxes, and radioisotopes in tree rings and ice cores. Individual solar cycles are characterized by their maxima and minima, cycle periods and amplitudes, cycle shape, the equatorward drift of the active latitudes, hemispheric asymmetries, and active longitudes. Cycle-to-cycle variability includes the Maunder Minimum, the Gleissberg Cycle, and the Gnevyshev-Ohl (even-odd) Rule. Short-term variability includes the 154-day periodicity, quasi-biennial variations, and double-peaked maxima. We conclude with an examination of prediction techniques for the solar cycle and a closer look at cycles 23 and 24. Supplementary material is available for this article at 10.1007/lrsp-2015-4. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 54 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 6 | 11% |
| Germany | 3 | 6% |
| Australia | 3 | 6% |
| United Kingdom | 2 | 4% |
| Ireland | 2 | 4% |
| Colombia | 1 | 2% |
| Netherlands | 1 | 2% |
| Austria | 1 | 2% |
| Spain | 1 | 2% |
| Other | 2 | 4% |
| Unknown | 32 | 59% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 42 | 78% |
| Scientists | 8 | 15% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 4% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 2% |
| Unknown | 1 | 2% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 385 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 3 | <1% |
| India | 2 | <1% |
| Brazil | 1 | <1% |
| Finland | 1 | <1% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
| Switzerland | 1 | <1% |
| Russia | 1 | <1% |
| Canada | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 374 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 86 | 22% |
| Researcher | 50 | 13% |
| Student > Bachelor | 42 | 11% |
| Student > Master | 38 | 10% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 16 | 4% |
| Other | 44 | 11% |
| Unknown | 109 | 28% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Physics and Astronomy | 153 | 40% |
| Earth and Planetary Sciences | 38 | 10% |
| Engineering | 21 | 5% |
| Environmental Science | 11 | 3% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 9 | 2% |
| Other | 31 | 8% |
| Unknown | 122 | 32% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 95. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 23 February 2024.
All research outputs
#454,499
of 25,782,917 outputs
Outputs from Living Reviews in Solar Physics
#1
of 83 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#6,037
of 286,617 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Living Reviews in Solar Physics
#1
of 5 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,782,917 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 98th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 83 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 14.2. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 98% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 286,617 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 97% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 5 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has scored higher than all of them