| Title |
Simultaneous determination of nicotine and its nine metabolites in rat blood utilizing microdialysis coupled with UPLC–tandem mass spectrometry for pharmacokinetic application
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry, April 2015
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00216-015-8643-0 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Jian Mao, Yan Xu, Binbin Lu, Junhui Liu, Guangfeng Hong, Qidong Zhang, Shihao Sun, Jianxun Zhang |
| Abstract |
To develop a simple and rapid method for the simultaneous determination of nicotine and its nine metabolites in rat blood, an in vivo microdialysis sampling technique coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was established for quantitation and characterization of the pharmacokinetics of nicotine and its metabolites. Microdialysis probes were inserted into the jugular vein of Sprague Dawley rats, and dialysates were collected after nicotine (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) administration. Target analytes and corresponding deuterated internal standards were separated on a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography column (HILIC BEH 2.1. × 150 mm, 1.7 μm) and detected by UPLC-MS/MS under multiple reaction monitoring mode. The limits of quantification for nicotine and its nine metabolites ranged from 0.039 to 0.46 ng/mL. Intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy were well within the predefined limits of acceptability (<11 %). Pharmacokinetic results showed that the mean half-lives of nicotine, cotinine, nornicotine, norcotinine, nicotine-N'-oxide, cotinine-N'-oxide, trans-3'-hydroxy-cotinine, nicotine-N-glucuronide, cotinine-N-glucuronide, and trans-3'-hydroxy-cotinine-O-glucuronide in rat plasma were 63, 291, 175, 440, 251, 451, 322, 341, 488, and 516 min, respectively. The blood concentration-time profiles of nicotine and its nine metabolites indicate that nicotine is rapidly consumed after the administration and subsequently cotinine is generated as the main metabolite; meanwhile, cotinine and other eight minor metabolites exhibit longer retention times in rat body. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Scientists | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 13 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 13 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 4 | 31% |
| Student > Bachelor | 2 | 15% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 1 | 8% |
| Professor | 1 | 8% |
| Other | 1 | 8% |
| Other | 4 | 31% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Chemistry | 5 | 38% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 3 | 23% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 2 | 15% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 1 | 8% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 1 | 8% |
| Other | 0 | 0% |
| Unknown | 1 | 8% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 20 May 2015.
All research outputs
#22,758,309
of 25,373,627 outputs
Outputs from Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
#7,541
of 9,618 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#240,603
of 279,164 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
#115
of 189 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,373,627 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 9,618 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 3.1. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 279,164 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 189 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.