Title |
Inflammaging decreases adaptive and innate immune responses in mice and humans
|
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Published in |
Biogerontology, April 2015
|
DOI | 10.1007/s10522-015-9578-8 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Daniela Frasca, Bonnie B. Blomberg |
Abstract |
Both the innate and adaptive immune systems decline with age, causing greater susceptibility to infectious diseases and reduced responses to vaccination. Diseases are more severe in elderly than in young individuals and have a greater impact on health outcomes such as morbidity, disability and mortality. Aging is characterized by increased low-grade chronic inflammation, called "inflammaging", measured by circulating levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP, as well as by latent infections with viruses such as cytomegalovirus. Inflammaging has received considerable attention because it proposes a link between changes in immune cells and a number of diseases and syndromes typical of old age. In this review we aim at summarizing the current knowledge on pathways contributing to inflammaging, on immune responses down-regulated by inflammation and mechanisms proposed. The defects in the immune response of elderly individuals presented in this review should help to discover avenues for effective intervention to promote healthy aging. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Uruguay | 1 | 25% |
United States | 1 | 25% |
Unknown | 2 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 3 | 75% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 25% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 2 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 276 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 38 | 14% |
Student > Bachelor | 38 | 14% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 34 | 12% |
Researcher | 30 | 11% |
Student > Postgraduate | 15 | 5% |
Other | 42 | 15% |
Unknown | 82 | 29% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 49 | 18% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 42 | 15% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 27 | 10% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 26 | 9% |
Neuroscience | 10 | 4% |
Other | 38 | 14% |
Unknown | 87 | 31% |