Title |
Genome-wide association study of blood lead shows multiple associations near ALAD
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Published in |
Human Molecular Genetics, March 2015
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DOI | 10.1093/hmg/ddv112 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Nicole M. Warrington, Gu Zhu, Veronica Dy, Andrew C. Heath, Pamela A.F. Madden, Gibran Hemani, John P. Kemp, George Mcmahon, Beate St Pourcain, Nicholas J. Timpson, Caroline M. Taylor, Jean Golding, Debbie A. Lawlor, Colin Steer, Grant W. Montgomery, Nicholas G. Martin, George Davey Smith, David M. Evans, John B. Whitfield |
Abstract |
Exposure to high levels of environmental lead, or biomarker evidence of high body lead content, are associated with anaemia, developmental and neurological deficits in children, and increased mortality in adults. Adverse effects of lead still occur despite substantial reduction in environmental exposure. There is genetic variation between individuals in blood lead concentration but the polymorphisms contributing to this have not been defined. We measured blood or erythrocyte lead content, and carried out genome-wide association analysis, on population-based cohorts of adult volunteers from Australia and the UK (N=5433). Samples from Australia were collected in two studies, in 1993-96 and 2002-05, and from the UK in 1991-92. One locus, at ALAD on chromosome 9, showed consistent association with blood lead across countries and evidence for multiple independent allelic effects. The most significant SNP, rs1805313 (p=3.91 x 10(-14) for lead concentration in a meta-analysis of all data), is known to have effects on ALAD expression in blood cells but other SNPs affecting ALAD expression did not affect blood lead. Variants at twelve other loci, including ABO, showed suggestive associations (5 x 10(-6)>p>5 x 10(-8)). Identification of genetic polymorphisms affecting blood lead reinforces the view that genetic factors, as well as environmental ones, are important in determining blood lead levels. The ways in which ALAD variation affects lead uptake or distribution are still to be determined. |
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Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Australia | 1 | 50% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Scientists | 1 | 50% |
Members of the public | 1 | 50% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Canada | 1 | 2% |
Unknown | 52 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Ph. D. Student | 8 | 15% |
Researcher | 7 | 13% |
Student > Master | 6 | 11% |
Student > Bachelor | 3 | 6% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 3 | 6% |
Other | 10 | 19% |
Unknown | 16 | 30% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Medicine and Dentistry | 13 | 25% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 9 | 17% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 4% |
Environmental Science | 2 | 4% |
Computer Science | 2 | 4% |
Other | 7 | 13% |
Unknown | 18 | 34% |