Title |
The Y-chromosome landscape of the Philippines: extensive heterogeneity and varying genetic affinities of Negrito and non-Negrito groups
|
---|---|
Published in |
European Journal of Human Genetics, September 2010
|
DOI | 10.1038/ejhg.2010.162 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Frederick Delfin, Jazelyn M Salvador, Gayvelline C Calacal, Henry B Perdigon, Kristina A Tabbada, Lilian P Villamor, Saturnina C Halos, Ellen Gunnarsdóttir, Sean Myles, David A Hughes, Shuhua Xu, Li Jin, Oscar Lao, Manfred Kayser, Matthew E Hurles, Mark Stoneking, Maria Corazon A De Ungria |
Abstract |
The Philippines exhibits a rich diversity of people, languages, and culture, including so-called 'Negrito' groups that have for long fascinated anthropologists, yet little is known about their genetic diversity. We report here, a survey of Y-chromosome variation in 390 individuals from 16 Filipino ethnolinguistic groups, including six Negrito groups, from across the archipelago. We find extreme diversity in the Y-chromosome lineages of Filipino groups with heterogeneity seen in both Negrito and non-Negrito groups, which does not support a simple dichotomy of Filipino groups as Negrito vs non-Negrito. Filipino non-recombining region of the human Y chromosome lineages reflect a chronology that extends from after the initial colonization of the Asia-Pacific region, to the time frame of the Austronesian expansion. Filipino groups appear to have diverse genetic affinities with different populations in the Asia-Pacific region. In particular, some Negrito groups are associated with indigenous Australians, with a potential time for the association ranging from the initial colonization of the region to more recent (after colonization) times. Overall, our results indicate extensive heterogeneity contributing to a complex genetic history for Filipino groups, with varying roles for migrations from outside the Philippines, genetic drift, and admixture among neighboring groups. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | 20% |
Unknown | 4 | 80% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 5 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Canada | 2 | 2% |
United Kingdom | 2 | 2% |
Switzerland | 1 | 1% |
Malaysia | 1 | 1% |
New Zealand | 1 | 1% |
Argentina | 1 | 1% |
Spain | 1 | 1% |
United States | 1 | 1% |
Philippines | 1 | 1% |
Other | 0 | 0% |
Unknown | 84 | 88% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 24 | 25% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 17 | 18% |
Student > Master | 15 | 16% |
Student > Bachelor | 7 | 7% |
Professor | 6 | 6% |
Other | 19 | 20% |
Unknown | 7 | 7% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 41 | 43% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 17 | 18% |
Arts and Humanities | 8 | 8% |
Social Sciences | 6 | 6% |
Environmental Science | 3 | 3% |
Other | 5 | 5% |
Unknown | 15 | 16% |