| Title |
HBV and HIV viral load but not microbial translocation or immune activation are associated with liver fibrosis among patients in South Africa
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
BMC Infectious Diseases, May 2018
|
| DOI | 10.1186/s12879-018-3115-8 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Tongai Gibson Maponga, Monique I. Andersson, Christoffel J. van Rensburg, Joop E. Arends, Jantjie Taljaard, Wolfgang Preiser, Richard H. Glashoff |
| Abstract |
Co-infection with HIV negatively impacts the progression of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, including causing rapid progression to liver fibrosis. Sub-Saharan Africa represents arguably the most important intersection of high endemicity of both chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and HIV infection. We recruited 46 HBV/HIV-co-infected; 47 HBV-monoinfected; 39 HIV-monoinfected; and 37 HBV/HIV-uninfected patients from Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. All HIV-infected patients were on antiretroviral therapy for ≥3 months. Liver stiffness measurements were assessed using the Fibroscan (Fibroscan 402, Echosens). Cell-based immunomarkers were measured by flow cytometry. Soluble serum/plasma immunomarkers were measured by Luminex technology and enzyme immunoassays. HIV (COBAS/Ampliprep TaqMan HIV-1) and HBV viral loads (in-house assay) were also performed. HBV/HIV co-infected patients showed significantly higher levels of immune activation %CD8+/HLA-DR+/CD38+ (median 30%, interquartile range: 17-53) and %CD8+/PD-1 (median 22%, interquartile range: 15-33), p ≤ 0.01 compared to all other study groups. Despite this, the HBV-mono-infected group had the highest proportion of patients with advanced liver fibrosis (≥13 kPa) as measured by Fibroscan (18%). HBV mono-infected patients showed highest expression of most cytokines including IL-17 and basic fibroblastic growth factor. There was significant positive correlation between detectable HIV and HBV viral replication and liver fibrosis but not immune activation or gut translocation. Highly-active antiretroviral therapy, including tenofovir, is effective against both HIV and HBV. Earlier therapy in the co-infected patients may therefore have controlled viral replication leading to better fibrosis scores when compared to HBV mono-infection in this study. On-going HBV and HIV viraemia, rather than microbial translocation or immune activation, appear to be the drivers of liver fibrosis. Moderate to advanced liver fibrosis in HBV-mono-infection may well indicate poor access to screening and treatment of HBV infection. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 3 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 1 | 33% |
| United States | 1 | 33% |
| Unknown | 1 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 2 | 67% |
| Scientists | 1 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 63 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 63 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 11 | 17% |
| Researcher | 8 | 13% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 4 | 6% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 3 | 5% |
| Lecturer | 2 | 3% |
| Other | 6 | 10% |
| Unknown | 29 | 46% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 12 | 19% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 8 | 13% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 4 | 6% |
| Business, Management and Accounting | 2 | 3% |
| Mathematics | 1 | 2% |
| Other | 4 | 6% |
| Unknown | 32 | 51% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 16 May 2018.
All research outputs
#15,508,366
of 23,047,237 outputs
Outputs from BMC Infectious Diseases
#4,539
of 7,733 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#208,793
of 327,709 outputs
Outputs of similar age from BMC Infectious Diseases
#73
of 138 outputs
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