Title |
A Review of Long-Term Toxicity of Antiretroviral Treatment Regimens and Implications for an Aging Population
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Published in |
Infectious Diseases and Therapy, May 2018
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DOI | 10.1007/s40121-018-0201-6 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Anita Chawla, Christina Wang, Cody Patton, Miranda Murray, Yogesh Punekar, Annemiek de Ruiter, Corklin Steinhart |
Abstract |
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a chronic infectious disease currently requiring lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART). People living with HIV (PLWH) face an increased risk of comorbidities associated with aging, chronic HIV, and the toxicity arising from long-term ART. A literature review was conducted to identify the most recent evidence documenting toxicities associated with long-term ART, particularly among aging PLWH. In general, PLWH are at a greater risk of developing fractures, osteoporosis, renal and metabolic disorders, central nervous system disorders, cardiovascular disease, and liver disease. There remains limited evidence describing the economic burden of long-term ART. Overall, an aging HIV population treated with long-term ART presents a scenario in which the clinical, humanistic, and economic burden for healthcare systems will demand thoughtful policy solutions that preserve access to treatment. Newer treatment regimens with fewer drugs may mitigate some of the cumulative toxicity burden of long-term ART. ViiV Healthcare. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 4 | 29% |
United States | 3 | 21% |
Spain | 2 | 14% |
El Salvador | 1 | 7% |
Unknown | 4 | 29% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 9 | 64% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 14% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 14% |
Scientists | 1 | 7% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 203 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Bachelor | 29 | 14% |
Student > Master | 26 | 13% |
Researcher | 18 | 9% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 18 | 9% |
Student > Postgraduate | 15 | 7% |
Other | 26 | 13% |
Unknown | 71 | 35% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 44 | 22% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 19 | 9% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 12 | 6% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 11 | 5% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 11 | 5% |
Other | 26 | 13% |
Unknown | 80 | 39% |