| Title |
Are human endogenous retroviruses triggers of autoimmune diseases? Unveiling associations of three diseases and viral loci
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Immunologic Research, June 2015
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s12026-015-8671-z |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Bjørn A. Nexø, Palle Villesen, Kari K. Nissen, Hanne M. Lindegaard, Peter Rossing, Thor Petersen, Lise Tarnow, Bettina Hansen, Tove Lorenzen, Kim Hørslev-Petersen, Sara B. Jensen, Shervin Bahrami, Maria Lajer, Kathrine L. M. Schmidt, Hans-Henrik Parving, Peter Junker, Magdalena J. Laska |
| Abstract |
Autoimmune diseases encompass a plethora of conditions in which the immune system attacks its own tissue, identifying them as foreign. Multiple factors are thought to contribute to the development of immune response to self, including differences in genotypes, hormonal milieu, and environmental factors. Viruses including human endogenous retroviruses have long been linked to the occurrence of autoimmunity, but never proven to be causative factors. Endogenous viruses are retroviral sequences embedded in the host germline DNA and transmitted vertically through successive generations in a Mendelian manner. In this study by means of genetic epidemiology, we have searched for the involvement of endogenous retroviruses in three selected autoimmune diseases: multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and rheumatoid arthritis. We found that at least one human endogenous retroviral locus was associated with each of the three diseases. Although there was a significant overlap, most loci only occurred in one of the studied disease. Remarkably, within each disease, there was a statistical interaction (synergy) between two loci. Additional synergy between retroviral loci and human lymphocyte antigens is reported for multiple sclerosis. We speculate the possibility that recombinants or mixed viral particles are formed and that the resulting viruses stimulate the innate immune system, thereby initiating the autoimmune response. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 7 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 2 | 29% |
| Hong Kong | 1 | 14% |
| Unknown | 4 | 57% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 3 | 43% |
| Members of the public | 3 | 43% |
| Scientists | 1 | 14% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 90 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | 1 | 1% |
| Unknown | 89 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 17 | 19% |
| Researcher | 12 | 13% |
| Student > Master | 10 | 11% |
| Student > Bachelor | 9 | 10% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 7 | 8% |
| Other | 19 | 21% |
| Unknown | 16 | 18% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 19 | 21% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 17 | 19% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 16 | 18% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 8 | 9% |
| Neuroscience | 4 | 4% |
| Other | 6 | 7% |
| Unknown | 20 | 22% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 14. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 25 May 2021.
All research outputs
#2,607,783
of 25,654,806 outputs
Outputs from Immunologic Research
#71
of 950 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#31,703
of 279,043 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Immunologic Research
#1
of 17 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,654,806 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 89th percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 17 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 94% of its contemporaries.